Water Quality Survey of Lake Kemp and Lake Diversion, 1953–1955
Open PDFExtracted Text
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Date Calclum oodim thloride onilabe « La
3/ 9/55 1079 208 284 2501 160 4,228 7.80
5/20/55 588 252 444 1138 244 2,666
5/20/55 54S 252 461 1030 244 2,535 wruness
5/20/55 562 512 799 1145 232 3,250 8.00
1/ 3/55 720 494 808 1522 173 3.717 8.10
1/31/55 2694 11859 20058 3872 142 38.725 7.84
1/28 /55 1392 1404 3106 1902 205 8,009 7.95
1/28 /55 3441 10100 18327 4448 134 36,450 7.71
1/28/55 2282 5353 9140 A112 216 21,102 7.87
1/22/55 794 12462 21080 14100 134 48 570 7.90
1/22/55 1916 11457 19037 2656 140 35,206 7.66
1/22/55 2608 12563 20725 4378 119 40,393 7.30
1/22/55 1942 9191 15220 3158 12 29,635 7.90
7/19/54 617 3723 AOL 1001 179 11,517 par ki
1/24/55 1612 5100. 8742 2535 192 18,181 7.85
55 616 765 1376 1060 192 4,009 7.85
1290 4998 8032 2516 188 17,024 7.90
1/24/55 423 1556 2263 1010 244 5,496 7.55
1/24/55 348 O88 1429 830 166 3.761 6.00
2/12/55 Sd0 988 1598 G98 260 4,584 &.40
2/12/55 2710 7070 13135 2488 266 25,669 8.30
2/12/55 320 468 692 620 220 2,926 8.45
2/12/55 408 468 B61 500 207 2,584 &/40
2/12/55 262 420 524 600 250 2,056 8.30
2/12/55 320 321 426 677 240 1,984 8.20
284 276 241 682 330 1,803 8.15
612 364 666 1150 228 2,970 8.10
1340 A794 7810 2515 143 16,612 8.00
687 30 116 1483 38 2,334 8.40
2/13/55 1636 4641 7900 2505 540 17,222 8.70
1/29/55 1065 4848 7455 2430 200 15,996 7.52
3/ 9/55 2503 1380 4750 2577 182 11,482 7.0
7/19/54 27024 26026 88451 1059 125 143,186 7.0
9/25/54 67956 S3000 170090 1895 a3 273 O44 £0
1/31/55 8770 24550 51520 2503 135 87,478 7.0
1/31/55 6745 10854 26980 2280 112 46,980 7.3
1/31/55 1403 4908 845, -2391 165 17,300 eat
1/31/55 7234 12060 29568 27:30 103 51,495 7.80
1/31/55 1628 4945 BA32 2604 165 17,869 7.75
2/26/55 1090 A 7hd4 2832 160 16,720 7.75
3/ 9/55 13507 2295 S860 2607 173 10,242 canons
2/26/55 1346 ATo4 7633 2805 142 16,720 7.95
2/26/55 1084 2550 S684 2640 112 10,076 7.85
2/26/55 1552 S009 5280 2675 14 12,640 7.95
2/26/55 462 40) 222 912 104 1,790 7.80
2/26 /55 1440 AQ20 6610 2805 153. "15,037 7.75
2/26/58 860 520 AG8 2125 100 4,343 8.05
2/265 1444 4208 6524 S410 140 15, 626 7.95
Foss 1548 SHREK 15691 904 139 27,181 7.60
1/16 O84 ots Tah 2064 110 4.650 8.00
ASD DE 1724 6565 11895, 1642 144 21068 7.49
4/23 1652 ADAG Sa87 2785 165 17 838 7.60
o/ S/n 1370 S825 6446 2502 122 14,255 7.95
37 6 1562 So60 5ROB 2112 130 12,722 7.40
o/ o/ 1580 S417 G213 2424 12h 13,759 7.80
3/13/55 14556 S315 AH 2454 147 13,444 7.70
4/ 8/55 800 2268 3049 1205 Wt 8,359 8.21
4:28 /55 1018 d825 5g02 2At2 144 13,317 8.16
6/14/55 250 495 764 180 82 2.071 7.75
6/14/55 242 4501 773 18 1349 2,093 7.85
6/14/55 252 620 817 40h 134 2,227 7.90
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Locality Carbon- total
No. Date Calcium Sodium Chloride Sulfate ates Salts pH
58. 6/14/55 52 55 85 19 128 339 7.15
59. 7/13/55 66 9 14 sere 320 409 7.60
60. 7/13 /55 218 435 670 432 104 1,859 7.90
61. 7/13/55 148 260 401 259 112 1,180 8.00
62. 3/ 6/55 434 15 18 860 185 1,510 8.05
63. 3/ 5/55 180 12 22 284 185 683 $.35
64. 7/26/54 71 0 9 30 144 254 8.40
65. 7/26/54 206 252 675 1 130 1,264 7.15
66. 4/30/55 415 759 1722 111 171 3,178 8.10
67. 4/30/55 386 583 1120 314 403 2,706 8.12
68. 4/30/55 400 671 1322 437 171 3,001 8.22
69° 4/30/55 218 396 675 327 118 1,734 _ 8.25
70, 4/30/55 278 §22. 906 384 180 2,270 8.41
71. 4/30/55 238 426 710 373 155 1,902 8.35
72. 4/30/55 334 616 1295 203 165 2,610 8.31
73. 4/20/55 220 390 674 327 125 1,736 8.30
7A. 4/30/55 214 402 693 297 140 1,746 8.25
75. 4/30/55 268 480 807 408 171 2,134 8.41
76. 5/ 1/55 332 572 1216 195 180 2,495 8.31
77. 7/13/54 271 318 §21 352 125 1,701 8.35
hy 1/55 378 605, 1181 376 238 2,778 8.29
78. 5/ 1/55 232 390 683 312 164 1,781 8.30
79. §/ 1/55 294 558 Go4 914 161 2,531 8.39
80. 5/ 1/55 226 402 675 351 134 1,788 8.31
81. 5/ 1/55 232 36 719 299 140 1,786 8.31
8&2. 5/ 1/55 230 4d4 755 317 159 1,905 &.31
&3. 5/ 1/55 330 576 968 500 229 2,603 8.39
84. 6/ 1/55 224 450 692 428 131 1,925 8.12
85. 6/ 1/55 300 484 1030 206 152 2,172 8.25
86. 7/26/54 157 12 195 8 137 509 6.95
87. 7/20/54 AT 20 49 19 &L 216 7.70
88. 7/20/54 273 84 351 147 255 1,110 7.50
89. 4/12/55 264 484 © 1075 80 140 2,043 8.16
90, 4/12/55 180 363 736 60 152 1,491 8.23
ot. 4/12/55 63 126 144 66 201 601 8.10
92. 4/12/55 68 126 144 76 201 615 8.30
93. 4/12/55 204 318 563 250 162 1,497 8.40
94, 4/12/55 412 637 1296 ATS 158 2,986 8.46
95. 4/12/55 240 378 674 353 101 1,746 8.40
96. 4/12/55 272 351 710 178 o15 1,826 8.51
97. (65 A72 546 1322 338 186 2.864 8.31
O8, ? 312 585 914 636 125 2,572 8.30
oo. 5 120 806 914 175 AGS 2,592 8.21
100. 4/13/55 180 56 20 59 573 BER 8.32
The twelve permanent sample stations were named after nearby
towns, geographic features or lakes. Their positions are shown on the
accompanying map. Data for Lake Kemp and Lake Diversion were
gathered during the 1953-54 period. Other data were collected dur-
ing the 1954-55 investigation.
HACKBERRY STATION—Located at the small town of Hack-
berry, Cottle County, approximately 7 miles south-southwest of Pa-
ducah. Here the water is relatively “sweet,” clear and cold. There is
a large, deep, sand-bottomed pool and a long, swift, stony rapids.
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JOWNSON OLL FIELD oLALION—Located om (he INOrm fore
where it is crossed by Farm Road 567, about six miles east of Hack-
berry Station. At this point the river is extremely salty, having been
joined by Salt Creek and Cottonwood Creek as well as many salt
springs. The water is clear and cold. There are sandy shallows, swilt
rapids, and deep, green pools. Surrounding country is barren hills of
gypsum and sandstone with dominant vegetation of cedar and cacti.
CROWELL STATION—Located where the North Fork is crossed
by State Highway 283, south of the town of Crowell, Foard County.
The river valley is broad and sandy. There are numerous shallow
pools and rills, and a few moderately deep pools.
GUTHRIE STATION—Located on the South Fork at the town of
Guthrie, where the river is crossed by U.S. Highway 83. Here, in an
ordinary fall and spring, there is but a small stream, rarely more than
two feet wide and two inches deep, running between broad, deep
pools. In summer and winter the streams cease to run, but the pools
rarely dry out completely. After heavy rains the river may become
waist-deep in the shallows. Surrounding country is sandy floodplain
in a broad valley in arid, cedar-covered hills.
BENJAMIN STATION—Located on the South Fork north of the
town of Benjamin, Knox County, at the site of the bridge on State
Highway 283. The river is usually shallow, about ten feet wide and
six inches deep, in a broad valley in mesquite flats and hills. In sum-
mer the river is often completely dry, exposing the hard, stone bed.
In times of heavy rains the river bottom becomes a raging torrent,
100 feet across and six to ten feet deep.
LAKE KEMP—The bulk of the water samples were taken at Cara
Blanca, at the southern and western (upper) end of the lake.
KEMP DAM STATION—Located in the plunge pool below the
dam, at the eastern end of the lake. When water is released from the
floodgates the river becomes broad, clear, swift and extremely cold at
this station. At other times the deep pools become almost stagnant.
Surrounding country is mesquite-covered hills.
LAKE DIVERSTON—Water samples were taken in Crappie Creek
Bay, on the northern side of the lake.
DIVERSION DAM STATION—Located in the plunge pool be-
neath the Lake Diversion Dam, in Archer County. Water passes here
only when the lake floods over the spillway in times of heavy rains.
At such times the river is broad and swift. Usually the broad plunge
pool is still, sometimes almost stagnant, Surrounding country is mes-
quite-covered hills.
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only a few gravel-bottomed rapids. Surrounding country is a broad
valley where dominant vegetation is cottonwoods and elms. Surround-
ing the valley are mesquite-covered hills and flats.
LAKE WICHITA—Water samples were taken on the northern
side of the lake.
7
BYERS STATION—Located where the Old Charlie Road crosses
the river one mile north of the town of Byers, Clay County; This is
about three miles from the junction of the Wichita and the Red. ‘The .
river varies from swift to rather sluggish, is turbid and deep, with , "4
broad meanders and oxbow lakes. 7
Table 3. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Hackberry Station
Date Calcium Sedium Chloride Sulfate Carbonates ‘Total Salts pH ,
7/19 54 724 312 932 999 154 3,127 7.65
8 5/54 1190 65 905 1628 137 3,946 7.75
9/11/54 535 £06 911 1564 204 4,020 7.95
9 25 54 727 520 852 1577 122 3,798 8.64
10 21 54 762 559 1482 1633 209 4,042 7.78
11 26 54 780 495 861 1574 195 3,905 8.28
1 6 55 720 acd FOS 1522 173 3,717 8.10
768 491 70 1575 214 3.919 8.00
873 AG 34 1614 198 3,995 7.95
B14 528 B88 1677 225 4,132 7.70
r04 525 BRS 1192 195 3,414 7.50
162 512 799 1145 232 3,250 8.00
546 576 906 1112 204 3,334 8.19
Table 4. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Johnson Oil Field Station
Date Cal stun Sodium Chloride Sulfate Carbonates Total Salts pil ;
7/19/54 747 4590 7588 997 125 14,058 7.25
By/ 4/n4 2734 3434 8121 2643 122 17,060 7.80
Osi 54 517 5858 8653 1654 136 16,818 7.85
9/25/54 7114 4845 17883 2733 337 32,912 8.53
10/21 /h4 4773 1479 8653 2743 124 17,782 7.78
11/26/54 1426 A718 7854 2506 158 16,662 8.20
1/ 7/55 1266 A645 7544 2400 161 16,016 8.10 .
1/29/55 867 5000 7322 2453 198 15,840 7.81
2/ 4/55 1208 4386 7145 2256 172 15,167 8.40
3/ 9/55 1205 A845 7590 2588 192 16,420 7.85 - p
3/12/55 1618 4896 8343 2684 171 17,712 7.60 k
4/17/55 980 5050 8653 1084 137 15,904 7.55
5/ 3/55 800 4335 7189 1167 138 13,629 8.15 b
5/ 9/55 BR4 5100 8140 1662 128 15,914 8.21 i
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6/18 /54 1314 2275 4726 2275 148 9,858 §.00
7/23 /54 3022 2424 6825 2978 124 15,378 7.50
j 8/ 4/54 1675 4590 7562 3261 98 17,210 7.80
i 9/ 4/54 1133 2933 5396 1450 110 11,022 7.70
i 10/10/54 5506 ATA3 14777 3048 96 28,170 6.54
é | 11; 9/54 3653 2609 6653 3136 125 16,176 &.00
| 12/ 5/54 1496 4335 7190 2794 146 15,961 8.13
1 1/16/55 1100 3927 6213 2320 146 13,706 8.05
} 2/ 6/55 776 1326 2441 1258 95 5,896 8.30
3/ 7/55 594 4335 5592 2818 122 13,461 7.80
. 4/23/55 1040 4945 7765 2205 132 16,087 7.61
5/ 6/55 1006 4998 7420 2715 115 16,254 7.98
&
Table 6. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Guthrie Station
Date Calcium Sodium Chloride Sulfate Carbonates Total Salts pH
7/19/54 1783 1428 3532 2346 lil 9,211 7.80
8/ 5/54 2438 1377 4127 S013 145 11,112 7.50
9/11/54 1185 3366 5414 2436 143 12,544 7.65
9/25 /54 5589 2958 11715 3649 114 24,512 8.49
10/21/54 3844 1122 5860 3456 230 14,512 7.33
11/26/54 1661 2958, 5148 2972 240 12,979 8.19
12/10/54 95 60 120 136 70 481 7.69
1/ 6/55 1469 2597 4172 2717 210 10,965 8.15
2/ 4/55 1272 1581 2751 2453 232 8,289 8.00
3/12/55 1840 2444 4615 3097 213 12,209 7.49
i 4/17/55 1236 2448 4482 1857 201 10,224 7.25
j 5/ 7/55 1484 2856 5184 2160 172 11,720 8.29
i
4
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i Table 7. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Benjamin Station
Date Calcium = Sodium Chloride Sulfate Carbonates Tolal Salts pl
6/18/54 1018 2163 3741 1704 133 7.95
7/23/54 2994 5610 11272 3512 150 7.75
I 8/ 4/54 3380 5050 11183, S459 69 23,153 7.60
| 9/ 4/54 2071 4590 9541 1553 116 17,871 7.20
i 10/10/54 6447 4770 15750 A030 116 31,113 § 42
| 11/ 9/54 4532 hdd 11630 S874 116 25,596 8§.00
{ 12/ 5/54 2686 7929 14245 S586 149 28,505 8.10
{ 1/16/55 2661 6161 S106 2928 140 14,996 7.95
| 2/ 5/55 1120 6010 10073 1412 124 18.839 8.15
| 3/ 7/55 3266 o767 14580 S504 122 27,239 7.80
} 4/23/55 1806 BORD 14777 2380 144 27,782 7.59
&/ 8/55 844 S060 5192 1370 137 10,643 8.20
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8/25/53 852 1,960 7.7
9/29/53 834 1,890 7.6
10/ 1/53 852 1,750 7.9
10/23/53 639 1,470 7A
11/12/53 444 1,050 7.2
12/ 3/53 674 1,400 7.5
12/30/53 710 1,540 7.6 -
1/22/54 781 1,454 7.6 ”
1/26/54 B52 1,890 8.1
3/16/54 1065 2,100 7.6
4/21/54 746° 1,960 7.9 °
Table 9. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Lake Kemp Dam Station
Date Calcium Sodium Chloride Sulfate Carbonates Total Salts pH
6/13/54 198 255 448 339 79 1,319 7.80 :
7/ O/b4 284 438 772 475 87 2,062 8.10
8/10/54 283 432 786 381 98 1,986 7.70
9/ 1/54 271 204 577 404 104 1,650 7.60
9/12/54 171 390 538 416 96 1,611 8.00
10/ 9/54 245 B48 586 438 96 1,713 8.72
10/26 /54 279 312 577 438 128 1,734 8.14
11/18/54 252 360 604 454 o8 1,768 8.27
12/ 9/54 270 351 612 432 124 1,789 6.99
12/13/54 263 360 621 433 106 1,783 7.93
1/ 6/55 270 360 639 436 119 1,824 8.20
2/21/55 243 411 630 ARS 120 1,889 Pri
3/1/55 268 396 666 475 122 1,927 8.10
3/13 267 384 648 461 128 1,888 F295
4/11/55 240 366 673 272 137 1,689 8.31
5/18/55 272 378 763 282 162 1,857 7.50
Table 10. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Lake Diversion
Date Chioride ‘Total Salts pll
1,366 3,185 ‘ 7.9
1,402 3,500 8.0
(31/52 1,242 2,520 7.5
9/105: 1,278 2.800 8.1
9/20/53 1,242 2.520 7.9
10/18/53 1,207 2.100 15
ML) 5/53 869 1,820 7.4
11/33/52 923 1,960 7.5
12/16; 823 1,800 7.6
1/ 7/54 869 1,750 7.4
2/ 4/54 834 1,420 7.6
2/23/54 852 1,610 7.8
3/10/54 781 1,820 8.1
4/22/54 710 1,820 7.9
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ey, ”
6/ 1/54
T/ 8/54
8/ 2/54
9/16/54
10/ 7/54
11/17/54
12/ 9°54
1/17/55
2/22/55
3/2/55
4/ 8/55
5/18/55
5/25 /55
168
191
232
209
258
233
274
276
266
264
228
248
180
329
245
342
AGE
AGE
450
423
402
ALi
420
366
S78
A068
520
411
586
834
763
784
692
675
666
FOL
818
728
568
314
278
351
485
484
A478
Hit)
486
195
N77
116
292
211
o1
40
139
i ]
oO
91
116
119
115
Log
131
125
110
1,422
1,234
1,662
2,179
2.005
2 036
2,010
1,958
1,953
1,971
1,859
771
7h
10
00
ri
45
60
31
90)
15
Se —1 Oo Oo Se 8 Se 8]
10
35
oe of:
795
Table 12, Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Deadman Bridge Station
Date Calcium = Sedium Chloride — Sulfate Carbonates Total Salts pil
6/24/54 631 G51 1642 471 231 3,626 7.60
7/13/54 506 312 1012 389 125 2,250 8.00
§/ 3/54 822 195 1369 496, 162 3,070 8.00
9/27 /54 391 819 1411 628 139 3,538 §.69
10/19/54 500 744 1482 604 174 3,505 7.83
11/16/54 242 71S 1012 579 152 2,700 §.02
12/ 7;54 529 754 1527 613 198 3,621 7.81
1/ 7/55 427 689 1429 375 182 3,102 8.30
2/12/55 1380 975 2166 2175 294 6,990 er
3/ 8/55 7 ROS 1962 556 232 4,267 7.89
4/7/55 524 714 18 12 207 3,565 §.21
4/19 55 d86 Tdi All 704 186 3,428 7.80
5/1/55 332 572 1216 195 180 2,495 8.31
5/17 55 100 165 355 8 113 7Al 7.75
Table 13. Monthly Variation in Water Quality at Byers Bridge Station
Date _Caleium Sodium Chloride — Sulfate Carbonates ‘Total Salts pl
6/24/54 183 295 920 214 171 1,583 8.10
7/ 9,54 306 510 976 373 13 2,289 8.15
7/2354 651 26 852 385 90 2,010 8.05
8) 6/54 761 91 1047 168. 127 2,519 7.95
9/1454 171 793 1074 508 119 2,665 8.77
10/13 54 35 884 467 197 143 2,526 8.00
11/16/54 1122 552 A482 518 161 1,935 8.06
12/ 8/54 470 682 1322 392 201 3,267 8.12
1/ 7/55 338 832 1429 456 192 3.247 8.35
2/17 490 546 1207 190 207 2,440 eae
3/8 532 803 1669 504 210 3,728 8.20
3/30/ 268 286 869 120 186 1,729 8.45
4/ 6/5 384 368 1242 72 189 2,955 8.42
4/12/55 337 546 1242 112 198 2,435 8.41
5/23/55 72 0 186 32 o1 471 7.70
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Ag 34 8&3 3 a4 7.65
59 100 160 54 OG 8.20
259 444 786 381 98 7.70
252 518 825 ATO 104 7.75
8o 15% 203 q7 55 8.56
119 168 $27 108 1 8.45
116 196 337 1349 108 8.51
115 198 342 133 113 7.78
122 208 350 156 122 8.23
336 198), Sa&7 121 135 7.78
114 222 S64 140 113 8.15
103 222 355 130 122 8.20
132 216 360 187 122 7.80
154 252 426 221 128 . 7.60
220 192 a8 215 120 7.90
248 204 375 413 125 7.RS
128 258 462 116 159 & 50
128 264 476 8&9 152 8.49
64 76 142 AS 98 7.70
FisHeS OF THE BiG Wicutra River anp [rs IMPOUNDMENTS
A total of fifty species of fish have been established as occurring in
the Big Wichita River and its impoundments, including several forms
known or suspected to have been introduced. Specimens of most of
these species have been examined by us and examples preserved in
the collection of lower vertebrates at Midwestern University. A few
records have been taken from the literature.
Annotated Checklist of Species
Family Acipenseridae
Scaphirhynchus platorynchus: shovelnose sturgeon. Definitely record-
ed from the Big Wichita River only once, near its mouth, on
May 13, 1948. For details see Bonn and Kemp (1952). We have
heard of others taken in past years from the lower river but
there seem to be no records for the last two years.
Family Lepisosteidae
Lepisosteus platostomus: shortnose gar. The relationship between
this form and the next species are rather confusing. Both species
are present in most of the Big Wichita River system, but neither
is abundant. In Lake Wichita, the shortnose gar outnumbers the
spotted gar but elsewhere the reverse is rue, Both the shortnose
gar and the spotted gar may be important predators of the sun-
fishes and may be desirable in moderate numbers. ,
Lepisosteus productus: spotted gar. In Lake Kemp, the spotted gar is
the dominant gar. Elsewhere it is only moderately common, or
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gether, the longnose gar always outnumbers both the spotted
and shortnose gars, at least in these waters.
Lepisosteus osseus: longnose gar. The longnose gar is the most abun-
dant and successful gar in our waters, except in Lake Kemp and
the upper river. Questioning commercial fishermen and old resi-
dents indicates that this gar never did occur in Lake Kemp. It is
possible that no longnose gars were present in the area when
the Lake Kemp dam was constructed. The longnose gar is a
swift, predacious species that destroys many gizzard shad and
sunfishes, and often is a highly beneficial fish. We suspect that
the complete absence of goldfishes in the Big Wichita River
system is largely the result of the predacious habits of this gar.
Some white bass, and perhaps other game fishes, are also eaten.
In large numbers, the longnose gar is a pest that drives fisher-
men to distraction by stealing bait minnows, almost never be-
coming hooked.
Family Clupeidae
Herrings and Shads
Dorosoma cepedianum: gizzard shad. The gizzard shad is extremely
abundant in the Big Wichita River system, ranging from the
mouth of the river to and well into the upper river. Gizzard
shad reach a large size in Lake Kemp and Lake Diversion but
especially in Lake Wichita where specimens of four pounds or
more in weight are not uncommon. Young gizzard shads are ex-
tensively fed upon by game and predacious fishes, but are often
so abundant that the game fishes refuse bait minnows and_ar-
tificial baits. Because the numbers of gizzard shad cannot be
kept in control by natural means, it quickly outbreeds and
crowds out desirable fishes. The gizzard shad is not itself edible.
However, it is one of our most important forage species.
Family Hiodontidae
Mooneyes
Hiodon alosoides: goldeye. This highly predacious but almost in-
edible fish is moderately common in the lower river. We took a
single specimen in Lake Diversion. Fishermen's accounts of catch-
ing shad on a fishhook pertain to the goldeye.
Family Characidae
Tetras
Astyanax fasciatus: Rio Grande tetra. The tetra does well in our water
in the summer. It is often sold by local bait dealers and commonly
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and are taken in a feral state shortly thereafter.
Family Catostomidae
Suckers and Butlalofishes
Ictiobus cyprinellus: bigmouth buffalo. This large fish does not do well
in the Big Wichita River system. It is, and apparently always has
been, absent from Lake Kemp, It is rare in Lake Diversion and
the lower river. Only in Lake Wichita is this species even [fairly
common. Commercial fishermen eagerly seek this fish for its
large sive and ready market. Rarely, however, is it sought by
sport fishermen.
Fetiobus bubalus: smallmouth buffalo. The smallmouth buflalo is ab--
sent from Lake Kemp and the upper river but is common to
abundant elsewhere. It constitutes the principal commercial fish
of the area and finds a ready market. Rarely it is sought or taken
by sport fishermen,
Carpiodes carpio: river carpsucker. This small sucker is the most
common sucker in the Big Wichita River system. It is the most
serious menace to the sport fisheries at present, because it is
abundant, difficult to kill, widespread, and apparently general-
ized in food and breeding habits. It is ordinarily too small to be
taken in the nets of the commercial fishermen and has no good
market. It is almost never taken by sport fishermen, even by ac-
cident.
Family Cyprinidae
Shiners and Minnows
Cyprinus carpio; European carp. The carp is widespread in the Big
Wichita River system, even extending into the upper river at
times, [t is most common in lakes but, at best, constitutes but a
small percentage of the large-fish population. In some areas the
carp is extremely common, but in these waters it apparently can-
not compete successfully with the native suckers.
Notemigonus crysoleucas: golden shiner. The golden shiner scems
unable to exist in the more saline parts of the Wichita River
system. At least we failed to find it anywhere except in Lake
Wichita and Holliday Creek, and there it is only moderately
common,
Hybopsis storeriana: silver chub. This fish is extremely rare. We took
but a single specimen, in the lower river.
Aybopsis aestivalis: speckled chub. This tiny fish is moderately com-
mon in riffles and rapids of clear water, where the bottom is sand
{41}
--- Page 11 ---
Creek.
Phenacobius mirabilis: sackermouth minnow. This widespread min-
now is not common anywhere. Its tolerance to salinity and tur-
bidity are striking. We found it from headwater streams of
extreme salinity to relatively “sweet” waters, and from clear to
extremely turbid waters. Although it is primarily a stream fish,
numerous specimens were taken in Lake Diversion.
Notropis bairdi: Red River shiner. This saline-water shiner is com-
mon from the headwaters of the river to the mouth of the river.
Jt is present in Lake Kemp but apparently absent from other
lakes, as well as turbid streams, like Beaver Creek and Holliday
Creek.
Notropis buchanani: ghost shiner. This small, transparent shiner is
common in all three major lakes and at the stations below Lake
Kemp dam and Lake Diversion dam, but absent from the mov-
ing parts of the river and its tributaries. Current, rather than
salinity or turbidity, seems to determine the distribution of this
form.
Notropis deliciosus: sand shiner. The distribution of this shiner is
spotty, It appears occasionally where the water is swift and shal-
low, or over sandy shallows of lakes, but is absent from hundreds
of seemingly identical habitats. Further, established colonies
vanish after a few months. Possibly the colonies result from the
release of bait minnows. ‘The sand shiner is a fairly common
bait minnow, usually seen offered for sale in midsummer. ‘The
colony at Diversion dam station has been present there for at
least two years, in contrast to the other localities known to us,
Notropis lutrensis: red shiner, “This form is, by far, the most abun-
dant forage fish in the watershed of the Big Wichita River. Only
in the extremely saline waters of the headwater streams of the
upper river is it uncommon. It seems to prefer waters where the
total salts are less than 5,000 parts per million.
Notropis oxyrhynchus: sharpnose shiner. In the past, the sharpnose
shiner has been considered endemic to the Brazos River. It is
widespread and obviously native to the Big Wichita River also.
The headwaters of the South Fork of the Big Wichita River and
the Salt Fork of the Brazos are close together. We suppose that
floods have joined the waters in the past and allowed the spread
of this shiner from one system to the other. “Vhe sharpnose shiner
has a high tolerance to salinity and reaches its greatest: abun-
dance in the saline upper river. It is absent from the lakes but is
present, though rare, in the lower river.
[42]
--- Page 12 ---
in Lake Diversion. Apparently, it does not occur above the Lake
Kemp dam, though we found it just below the dam. The plains
shiner seems to be strictly a stream fish.
Notropis potteri: chub shiner. ‘The relationship detween this shiner
and the Red River shiner is close. The two forms are usually
found together, and often in association with the sharpnose
shiner. ‘The chub shiner is usually less common than the Red
River shiner.
Notropis venustus: spottail shiner. A colony of this shiner existed in
Deadman Creek for several years but vanished in 1955. Since the
species was not found elsewhere in the river system, we suppose
the established colony resulted from the release of bait minnows.
The spottail shiner is quite often offered for sale on bait stands,
and it is surprising that the species has not become established
in the lakes.
Hybognathus placita: plains minnow. The plains minnow is the most
valuable commercial minnow in the river system. Most efforts of
commercial bait seiners are directed to its capture. It is abun-
dant in spite of this, from the headwater streams to the Red
River and has a great range of tolerance to salinity and turbidity.
Although not a lake form, it is common and apparently breeds in
Lake Kemp. In the other lakes it is only of casual occurrence,
probably introduced as released bait. It is a highly prolific
species, and when spawning occurs, countless thousands of tiny
minnows of this species may be taken in a single seine haul.
Pimephales vigthax: parrot minnow, The parrot minnow is a wide-
spread and common minnow with an extremely broad range ol
tolerance to environmental conditions. It occurs in both streams
amd lakes, from headwaters to the river mouth. It lives in both
still and swift, saline and “sweet” and turbid and clear waters.
A decided preference is shown for moderately saline, cold, swift
and clear water.
Pimephales promelas: fathead minnow. The fathead has a rather
puzdling distribution in the Big Wichita River system. IL seems
to be principally a species of river pools and sluggish tributaries,
absent or scarce where the water flows swiftly, and absent trom
the impoundments. Its range of tolerance to environmental con-
ditions is much smaller than that of the related and superficially
similar parrot minnow.
Campostoma anomalum: stoneroller. The single record of this min-
now, from Lake Diversion, is doubtless the result of released
{43}
--- Page 13 ---
Family Ameiuridae
Catfishes
Ictalurus punctatus: channel catfish. The channel catfish is one of the
most sought-after sport fishes of the Big Wichita River system.
It ranges from Lake Kemp downstream to the mouth of the
river. We have taken individuals up to 14 pounds in weight,
although the average’ fish caught by sport fishermen probably
weighs less than three pounds.
Tetalurus furcatus: blue catfish. A single fish, recorded at the time
as a blue catfish, was taken in Lake Kemp in the early part of
this study. We have taken no others and now wonder if the early
record might not have been an error, Although local fishermen
often refer to blue cathsh from the Big Wichita River system,
all those so called and examined by us were large channel catfish.
The absence of spotting is almost always the basis for fisher-
men’s identification of blue catfish, and most fishermen are not
aware that the spotted channel catfish in our waters loses all
spots when fish reach a weight of four to six pounds. We now
doubt that the blue catfish exists in the Big Wichita drainage
area, except, perhaps, where stocked in private lakes.
Ictalurus melas: black bullhead catfish. Bullheads are uncommon in
the Big Wichita River system, though they are widespread. All
taken have been the above species, which in the adult form in
our waters is usually olive yellow in color. The true yellow bull-
head is uncommon in North-central ‘Vexas and apparently ab-
sent from the saline waters of the Big Wichita River system.
Pylodictus olivaris; flathead catfish. The flathead catfish, like the
black bullhead, is uncommon in the drainage area of the Big
Wichita River. We have heard of individuals taken in Lake
Kemp-and have ourselves taken a lew in Lake Diversion. In Lake
“Wichita, a “sweet-water” lake, the species is fairly common.
Trotline fishermen regularly take a few specimens in the lower
river and we saw a dead specimen on the shore near Byers
Station that we estimated would weigh 40 pounds.
Family Cyprinodontidae
Killifishes and Toapminnows
Fundulus notatus; blackstripe topminnow. Oddly enough, we have
failed to take this small fish in the “natural” waters of the Big
Wichita River system, though the area is well within the pre-
sumed range of the species. We have taken numerous specimens
in drainage ditches and irrigation ditches, however, in water
with its source in Lake Diversion.
{44}
--- Page 14 ---
It is also found locally in some shallow, sand-bottomed Days in
Lake Kemp and Lake Diversion. A small colony lives in the shal-
lows at the foot of the plunge pool at Diversion Dam Station but
none was found elsewhere in the lower river. Plains killifish were
abundant in Lake Wichita when the lake was at its low level,
in 1953, but vanished when normal water levels were restored
and have not again been found there.
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis: Red River pupfish. The distribution of
the pupfish is quite similar to that of the plains killifish, The two
forms, together, constitute the bulk of the fish population of the
upper river. We did not find the pupfish in Lake Wichita but it
is common in Deadman Creek, a small tributary of the lower
river west of Wichita Falls.
Family Poeciliidae
Mosquitofishes
Gambusia affinis: mosquitofish. The mosquitofish is ubiquitous, rang-
ing from the springs at the headwaters of the river through the
length of the river to its mouth, including the impoundment
lakes and most tributaries. Neither salinity nor turbidity seem to
govern its distribution, though it is not common where salinity
is excessive.
Family Serranidae
Basses
Roccus chrysops: white bass. This game fish is abundant in the lower
river and the impoundment lakes but is absent from the upper
river. It is one of the most popular sport species, even though it
rarely reaches more than three pounds in weight in local waters.
Family Centrarchidae
Black Basses and Sunfishes
Micropterus punctulatus: spotted bass. This bass was introduced
into Lake Kemp several years ago, and was at one time fairly
common, It did not spread to other parts of the river system
and has steadily declined in numbers until, at present, it is un-
common. Sport fishermen often report taking this fish, usually
termed “Kentucky jumper,” but most specimens proved, on
examination, to be highly colored largemouth bass.
Micropterus salmoides: largemouth black bass. Although a few black
bass live in the “sweet-water” pools at the sources of the river,
none is found in the more saline parts of the upper river be-
{45}
--- Page 15 ---
ee ee ee Ie Ee, Se eet eee
moderately common and greatly sought by fishermen. Indeed, it is
the most prized game species in the Big Wichita River system.
Black bass weighing seven pounds and more are not rare in the
impoundment lakes, but the average fish taken by anglers prob-
ably weighs little more than one pound.
Chaenobrytius gulosus: warmouth. The warmouth is a sluggish-water
fish and is not common in the clear, saline waters of the Big
Wichita River system, We found one colony in the plunge pool
beneath the Lake Kemp dam, another in the plunge pool be-
neath the Lake Diversion dam, and another large colony in
Holliday Creek and Lake Wichita. A few individuals of one
pound or more in weight are taken in Lake Wichita by sport
fishermen.
Lepomis auritus: yellowbelly sunfish, Vhis species is apparently not
native to the drainage area of the Big Wichita River. Our only
record is of a fish taken in a routine seine haul in Lake Diver-
sion. We can only imagine that it was accidentally introduced
to the lake in some way, perhaps with some hatchery-raised
black bass,
Lepomis cyanellus: green sunfish. The green sunfish has a broad
range of tolerance to environmental conditions, broader than
that of any other predacious fish in the Big Wichita River sys-
tem. It is able to live in waters showing considerable variation
in temperature, salinity and turbidity. Indeed, it is almost
ubiquitous, and is found from the headwater springs through
the river system, including impoundment lakes and most tribu-
taries. It is usually considered a pest by anglers, for its large
mouth and voracious habits make it a great bait thief. The usual
cost of minnows is three to five cents each, and the depredations
of green sunfish can reach considerable cost in a short time.
The sunfish itself rarely exceeds three inches in length in these
waters and is not large enough to be considered food by most
anglers.
Lepomis humilis: orangespotted sunfish. “Vhis small, brightly-colored
sunfish is rarely seen by sport fishermen. It is usually uncommon
in the Big Wichita River system, but is widespread. It seems to
be absent from the upper river but we took a few specimens in
almost every other part, including the impoundment lakes and
major tributaries.
Lepomis macrochirus: bluegill sunfish. A few bluegills of small size
were found in the “sweet-water” pools at the head of the North
{46}
--- Page 16 ---
SE AE, Perera RRNA TRE ep rR ee Deter eaten” Gnade) cine pte
men. Except for these rare specimens, the bluegills of the im-
poundment and the river are small, the average large specimen
weighing less than a quarter-pound. The bluegill is not a sport
species in local waters.
Lepomis megalotis: longear sunfish. ‘The distribution and habits of
this sunfish are similar to those of the bluegill. A few specimens
were taken in the “sweet-water” pools at the river source, but
none were found elsewhere in the upper river. From Lake Kemp
downstream through the river, impoundment lakes, and unpol-
luted tributaries, it is common to abundant. It usually outnum-
bers the bluegill wherever the two species occur together. One
longear sunfish from Lake Diversion weighed almost a pound,
but no others were seen that measured more than four inches
in length.
Lepoinis microlophus: redear sunfish. Our few records of this sunfish
are all of large fishes and are from scattered localities. We found
ho young specimens. Probably all taken were released hatchery
stock and it would seem that the species does not reproduce suc-
cessfully in our waters.
Pomoxis annularis: white crappie. Except for a small population
isolated in Cottonwood Creek, the upper river is free of crappie.
From Lake Kemp downstream, the crappie is common to abun-
dant, especially in the impoundment lakes. ‘The crappie is one
of the most important game fishes in the area and great num-
bers are taken by sport fishermen, especially in winter. Some
crappie weighing more than four pounds come [rom the im-
poundment lakes, though the average “keeper’ crappie weighs
littke more than one pound. | P
Family Percidae
Perches and Darters
Pereina caprodes: logperch. This is the only member of the wide-
spread darter group to occur in the drainage area of the Big
Wichita River. The species seems unable to stand high salinity
and occurs only in Holliday Creek and Lake Wichita. This
population, isolated by the saline waters of the main river, has
evolved into a strongly marked local race. The species is of no
economical importance. Some fishermen who haye tried to use
logperch for bait remarked that the fish was ‘too tough to stick
the hook through.”
[47]
--- Page 17 ---
Aplodinotus grunniens: freshwater drum. The drum is absent from
the upper river but is abundant from Lake Kemp downstream,
in the river, the impoundment lakes and major tributaries. In
spite of its abundance it is not taken in corresponding numbers
by sport fishermen. Anglers rarely seek the drum, even though
it attains a weight of more than 40 pounds on occasion. Most
drum are caught incidental to “‘catfishing.” The drum is a fine
foodfish, and most fish taken are eaten.
Sciaenops ocellata: redfish. Experimental introduction of this popular
salt water game fish was begun in 1954, when a small number
were placed in Lake Kemp. Results of this stocking remain to
be determined.
Cynoscion nebulosus: speckled trout or spotted weakfish. Small num-
bers of this excellent food and sport fish were introduced from
the Gulf of Mexico to Lake Kemp in 1955. Results of the experi-
mental stocking remain to be determined.
HypotHeticanL List
Notropis blennius: river shiner. Recorded from the Red River, and
might therefore be expected in at least the lower Big Wichita
River. We searched for this fish and failed to find it.
Notropis boops: bigeye shiner. Another form recorded from the Red
River (by Knapp, 1953) which we failed to find in the Big
Wichita River.
Notropis fumeus: ribbon shiner. Recorded from the Red River by
Knapp (1953) and earlier (unpublished MS.) from the Big
Wichita River. We believe the old reports were based on speci-
mens of the superficially similar Notropis oxyrhynchus, which is
present in the Big Wichita River but apparently was overlooked
by earlier workers.
Ictalurus natalis: yellow bullhead. This species is present locally in
non-saline waters of North-central Texas, but we found none
in the waters of the Big Wichita River system.
Schilbeodes gyrinus: tadpole madtom. Like the yellow bullhead, this
tiny catfish is resident in North-central Texas but apparently
avoids the saline waters of the Big Wichita River system.
Anguilla rostrata: American eel. We have received persistent reports
of eels taken by fishermen in waters of the Big Wichita River
system but have been unable to verify these reports. It is not at
all impossible that an occasional eel might ascend the Red River
and so enter the Big Wichita system.
{48}
--- Page 18 ---
ee ee ee ee ccd og un nS SRS Reg
Big Wichita River system were made by several means. At the nine
stations along the river itself, fish samples were based on approxi-
mately equal seining effort. These samples, taken monthly, are pre-
sented in detail so that seasonal distribution and possible migratory
tendencies might be shown. Elsewhere, the fishes are separated into
“large and important” forms, which classification includes rough
fishes and game species together, and “forage fishes,” or fishes of the
minnow or sunfish type. Forms of rare or casual occurrence are ex-
cluded.
Table 15. Monthly Variation in Species and Numbers of Fishes
at Hackberry Station, 1954-55
Species 7/19 8/5 9/119/2510/2111/261/6 2/4 3/4 4/1 7 5/7
Hybopsts aeslivalis i 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i 0 0
Phenacobius mirabilis 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 4 0 0
Notropis bairdi 12 «16 0 O 23 7 26 28 ir 7 5
Notropis lutrensts 102 32 #140 «#66 223 58 417 222 21 91 61
Notropis oxyrhynchus Oo i 1 2 0 0 3 2 0 4 1
Notropis potteri (0) 2 0 Oo 10 0 0 2 2 0 1
Hybognathus placila 13 0 0 Q 27 37 2 1 6 0 0
Pimephales promelas 98 oO 37 ti) o 1 0 0 3 66 3
Pimephales vigilax 44 38 Oo 104 66 AQ 15 18 10 oO 19
felalurus melas 0 2 0 0 0 tt] 0 0 0 0 0
Fundulus kansae 14 16 36 «32 Oo 16 4 7 21 31 22
Cyprinodon rubrafluviatilis 1 i 0 9 5 6 2 9 6 14 7
Gambusia affinis 5 3 14 4 19 0 0 0 3 0 0
Micropterus salmotdes 0 Q 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 oa 0
Lepontis cyanellius 27 8 114 26° 82 12 Qo ll 2 6 14
Lepomis macrochirus 0 3 4 1 7 0 0 0 ie) 0 0
Lepomis megalotis 2 4 613 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0
Table 16. Monthly Variation in Species and Numbers of Fishes Taken
at Johnson Oil Field Station, 1954-55
Species 7/19 8/5 9/11 9/25 10/21 11/261/16 2/4 3/4 4/17 5/7
Hybapsis aestivalis 0 1 4 1 0 & 2 3 7 9 3
Notropis bairdi 7 #24 10 10 30 31 263 492 «61 9 28
Notropis fulrensis 6 s] 1 1 2 4 2 0 tt) 1 0
Notropis exyrhynchus 13 1 0 0 oO 16 3 a 2 1 0
Notropis potteri 0 Oo 13 11 0 0 i 3 0 2 3
Hybognathus placita 5 10 28 38 5 0 7 0 1 160 «11
Pimephatles vigilax 0 i 0 it) 0 11 0 0 3 0 0
Fundulus kansae - 4 49 393 262 216 119 30 221 121 G2 41
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis 33° 06«49°« O99 11038 11S 46 4 && 31 18
Gambusia affinis 4 5 6 1 4 4 0 3 v 0 0
Lepomis cyanellus 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 al
--- Page 19 ---
ee ee
Species 6/18 7/23 8/4 9/410/1011/9 12/5 1/16 2/6 3/7 4/23 5/8
Dorosoma cepedianum 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Cyprinus carpio 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hybopsis aestivalts 7 a 6 12 5 14 2 17 7 17 3 li
Notropis bairdi 13 #22 WM | 6 11 26 41 27 28 26 «#414
Notropis lutrensis 22 77 16 2 9 3 4 9 0 0 4 0
Notropis oxyrhynchus 23 #59 21 30 30 9 7 2 5 11 19 42
Notropis potteri 0 4 1 7 2 2 0 0 0 3 4 il
Hybognathus placita 26 7 32 19 28 35 41 39 0O Fj 4 16
Pimephales promelas 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pimephales vigilax 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0
Fundulus kansae 166 203° 61 191 92 75 67 167 185 87 31 34
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis ee Se e e | es ee ee) | ee |]
Gambusia affinis 0 1: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lepomis cyanellus 3 0 1 0 0 0 O 1] 0 0 0 tf)
Table 18. Monthly Variation in Species and Numbers of Fishes
at Guthrie Station, 1954-55
Species TAS 8/5 9/119/25 10/21 11/2612/101/6 2/4 3/12 4/17 5/7
Doresoma cepedianum 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Notropis bairdi 0 3 0 0 0 9 5 0 6 7 dl 0
Notropis lutrensis 59 #35 46 104 i8 23 11 13°12 2 4 14
Notropis oxyrhynchus 0 0 0 0 0 2 | 0 0 0 0 0
Notropis potleri 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 ( 0 0 0
Hybognathus placita oO 16 1 4 0 Oo 4 3 6 oO 14 4
Pimephales promelas 64 87 #165 122 32 27 3b 43 145 67 38 28
Ictalurus melas 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Fundulus kansae 71 56 20 75 418 18 23 6 5 21 61 36
Cyprinodon rubroftuviatilis 27) = 21 6 15 #276 53 321 121 212 81 20 9
Gambusia affinis 0 4 0 0 0 0 1 0 Q o 0 0
Lepomis cyanellus 21 9 11 7 26 0 I 0 0 0 0 0
|
Table 19. Monthly Variation in Species and Numbers of Fishes
: at Benjamin Station, 1954-55
Species 6/18 7,23 8/4 9/410/1011/9 12/5 1/16 2/6 3/7 4/23 5/8
Derosoma cepedianum 0 tt] 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hybops's aestivalts oO 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 O 0o 0 0
Notropis batrdi 5 167 56 25 2 0 0 1 4 35 22 5
Notropis lutrensis tt] 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 it)
Notropis oxyrhynchus 1 0 11 7 0 0 0 0 0 rf) 0 0
Notropis pottert 0 0 Oo 46 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
Hybognatinis placita 26 4 19 55 407 429 46 1 Q 24 9 0
Pimephales rigifax 0 0 3 0 oO 0 0 oO O ct) 0 0
Fundulus kansae 51 118 SO WM 63 3Y Lad 14 17 4 31 4
Cyprinodon rubroflaviatilis —— 47 20 32 #32 66 54 21 3 0 0 q 0
150}
--- Page 20 ---
SS a —
Doresoima cepedianium 80 in 2 0 1 6 8 8 12 48 #417
Ietiobus bubatus 4 0 2 0 0 6 3 2 9 2 0
Carpiodes carpia 2 0 0 10 1 4 2 1 4 15 0
Cyprinus carpio 0 0 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 0
Phenacobites mirabilis oO oO 1 0 0 Oo oO oO 0 oO
Noatropis batrdi {i i] Oo 0 0 0 O 0 16 0
Notropis buchanant 11 0 0 4 0 oO 7 3 40 #417
Notropis deliciosus 0O 0 0 0 1 QO 18 0 2 0 0
Notropis hifrensis 121 36 #65 38 8&1 OQ 46 2 20 24 61
Notropis oxyrhynchus Oo oO 17 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0
Noatropis percobromus & QO oO 6 43 0 it a oO Oo 3
Notropis potleri Oo 0 i] 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pimephules vigil 57 21 37.00 22—ts«HO Oo 12 #72 #17 19 30
Ietaluris punetatius i ae 3 Q 0 0 it) 1 oO i 0
Fundulus Kansae 39 1 1 1) 0 i 0 0 O Oo 8
Cyprinadan ribrofluviatilis 5 0 5 it] 0 0 2 0 i] 0 0
Gambusta aflints 1b 21 4 0 33 0 0 0 10 0 0
Roceus chrysops 0 Oo 20 9 Hy ! 3 0 1 3 0
Micrapterus salimoides oO 1 1 1 3 6 oO i 3 7 0
Choenobryttis gulasus 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q 0
Lepomis cyanellus 1 0 6 6 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Lepomis humilis 0 0 0 3 0 ( 0 0 5 fi} fi)
Lepomis macrochirus 46 0 & & 0 0 0 2 36 21 0
Lepomis megalotis 59 3 11 30 0 tf] 0 0 9 0 1
Pomoxis annularis 11 0 & 16 2 2 0 0 Oo l 0
i] 0 0 0 Oo 0 0
Aplodinotus grunniens 16 0 0 0
Table 21. Monthly Variation in Species and Number of Fishes
at Diversion Dam Station, 1954-55
Species 6/1 6/6 7/7 B82 9/1G6.0 7 IL/VFI2/9 LIF 2:22 3/2 4/6 5/25
Lepisosteus osseus 24 0 oO ll i] 5 6 0 0 1 0 fi] oO
Dorosoma cepedianum | Oo 10 45 41 i] 3 1 12 4 en)
Hiodon alosoides 0 1 0 i) 0 0 0 0 0 0 oO 0 0
Tetiobus bubalus 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Carpiodes carpio i 0 O 3 a 0 1 1 0 0 QO 0 0
Cyprinus carpio 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
Phenacobius mirabilis 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 Oo 0 0 (a) 0 0
Notropis buchanant 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 i) o ‘2
Notropis deliciosus 0 0 i) 5 7 14 0 3 0 2 0 0 0
Notropis futrensis oO 84 0 34 28 Hi 0 11 0 26 58 36 26
Notropis percobromus 0 2 0 0 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Notropis potleri 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Hybogneathius placita 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 0 0 0 oO 3 1
Pimephales vigihax Oo 4 0 ll 212 68 0 1 0 1 0 20 0
felalurus punctatus oO 0 4 6 a 4 QO 0 0 oO 0 0 0
Fundalus kansae 0 6 oO 4 0) 3 0 0 Oo 0 0 3 0
Gambusta affinis 0 2 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0o 9 0 0
Roecus chrysaps 1 1 1 0 a 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Micropoterus salmoides 0 7 5 5 1 1 a 0 u 4 1 oO 1
Chaenobryftus gulosus 0 0 0 Q 0 ti] ti] () oO 0 4 1 0
Lepomis cqearneliius 4 17 & 16 a 26 0 9 0 1 0 1 0
Lepomis Iniumitis 0 2 0 2 0 0 3 0 ( 0 Oo 10 0
Lepomts piacrochirus a 9 #35 1 21 1 22 Bi 0 1 1 x 0
Lepomis meyealotis : 1 4 6 63 a7 17 iy 12 0 | 2 0 0
Lepomis miccofaphus 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 a 0 0 0 Oo
Pomorxis annanularis 1 0 6 4 0 l 0 fy i] iy i) 0 0
Aplodinatus grunniens 0 Oo 19 37 2 1 0 it) 1 0 0 0 0
--- Page 21 ---
aT a
Soo ae aaa ne lA ha p NR ens
a
Species
6/24 7/13 8/3 9/27 10/1911 /1612/7 1/7 2/17 3/8 4/19
Dorosoma cepedianum
Carpiodes carpio
Cyprinus carpio
Phenacobius mirabilis
Notropis bairdi
Notropis lutrensis
Notropis oryrhynchus
Notropis percobromus
Notropts potiert
Notropis venustus
Hybognathus placita
Pimephales promelas
Pimephates vigilar
Ietalurus punctatus
Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis
Gambusta afflinis
Roecus chrysops
Lepomis cyanelius
Lepomis megatolis
Pomoris annularis
Aplodinotus grunniens
20
_
OCON,MoB Gee Socr
9 5
0 1
0 1
0 0
1 0
128 = 330
0 0
0 15
0 4
0 4
1 242
1 0
12, 27
1 1
1 6
3 0
0 4
0 1
0 2
1 0
3 0
Noces
_
hot te
= o
te —
TWh Ot oO =
a
Sanus cec
te
_ _
Sceoeccecuneceaceos
=
33
Sceosevsccervocac
a
coc cecce
_
Sercexcon.ceacw
eocren cesses
SCoocoocesconow
a
Secoeovcece ss &Secd 09090
ecocces¢
Table 23. Monthly Variation in Species and Numbers of Fishes
at Byers Bridge Station, 1954-55
ecooescouS cocoon ctinesccs
Species 6/24 7/23 8/6 9/149/21 10/13 11/16 12/81/7 2/17 3/8 3/30 4/6
Lepisosteus osseus 1 0 11 0 0 ta) 0 0 0 0 oO 119 4
Lepisosteus platostamus 0 0 1 0 oO tf) 0 o 0 0 0 1 0
Dorosoma cepedianum 69 138 19 10 7 oO 4 1 0 0 0 2 0
Hiodon alosoides oO 0 0 0 0 ci 0 0 0 0 0 Pi Oo
Iectiobus bubalus 0 0 6 0 oO 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 1
Carpiodes carpio 0 4 34 0 0 tt 0 1 0 0 0 1 20
Cyprinus carpio 0 0 1 0 0 Q Q 0 oO 0 0 0 0
Hybopsis aestivalis 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Oo 14 0 0
Hybopsis sloreriana 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Phenacobius mirabilis, 0 oO 2 0 oO 0 oO O 0 0 0 0 0
Notropis bairdi 0 4 9 0 1 a 16 3. 53 0 6 0 0
Notropis lutrensis 35 86 OI31 6 136 59 110 41 28 0 0 0 9
Notropis oxyrhynchus Oo 50 114 3 2 0 & 1 Oo , 1 0 0 4
Notropis percobromus 0 Oo 18 2 16 7 (326 11 0 2 26 0 14
Noatropis poitert 0 Oo oll 0 0 0 1 1 17 5 0 0 0
Hybognathus placita 0 318 253 326 23 112 145 #77 14 5 33 0 7
Pimephales vigilax 0 0 Oo 13 0 0 0 3 6 3 9 0 5
Ictaliurus melas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Ietalurus punctatus 0 1 3 0 6 4 tt) i) i) 1 0 0 1
Gambusia affinis 0 oO 21 40 141 go 21 ll 0 0 0 4 2
Roccus chrysops 0 Q 22 Hy 9 3 ti) 0 0 0 0 3 2
Lepontis cyanellus 0 z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Lepomis humitts 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 oO 0 0 0 0 0
Lepomis macrochirus 0 1 0 i) 3 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
Lepomis megalotis 1 3 2 3 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Pomoris annularis 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Aplodinotus grunniens 0 0 7 3 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
{52}
--- Page 22 ---
Species #600 2Olar
Number Number &% Males % Females
Lepisosteus osseus 183 23.1 oo Al
Derosoma cepedianum 210 28.7 57 4S
Hiodon alosoides 3 ro « 100
Ictiobus bubalus 5) 6.0 54 46
Carpiodes carpio 5 11.4 52 As
Cyprinus carpio lt a 55 45
fetaturus punctatus 50) 0 o8 42
Roceus chrysaps 60 7.2 38 62.
Micropterus solmoaides * 31 3.7 34 66
Pomozis annularis 38 4.5 AT 53
Aplodinotus grunniens 65 7.8 a4 66
Totals 836 100.0
Table 25. Percentage Composition and Sex Ratios of Large and Important
Species of Fishes from Lake Kemp, as Determined from Gill Nets Only,
June 15, 1953 through May 31, 1954
%% of Total
Species Number Number , Males % Females
Lepisosteus productus 40 4.0 37 63
Dorosoma cepedianum 222 22.1 36 64
Carpiodes carpia 425 42.7 2 45
Cyprinus carpio 61 6.1 . ot) a0
fetalurus punctatus 39 3.9 44 56
Roccus chrysaps 74 7.4 AT ao
Microplerus salmoitdes 15 1.5 37 63
Pomoxis annularis 111 11.0 AS 57
Aplodinolus grunniens 8 O.8 87 13.6
Totals 1,003 100.0
Table 26. Percentage Composition and Sex Ratios of Large and Important
Species of Fishes from Lake Diversion, as Determined from Gill Nets Only,
June 15, 1953 through May 31, 1954
"% of Total
Species Number Number ©, Males @) Females
Lepisostens osseus 73 4.9 44 f6.
Lepisosteus platostanius fh O38 GO 40
Lepisosteus products 6 Od a5 67
Doresoma cepedianum ba 200) Dl 40
Ieliobus bubalus Ish 12:4 71 2
Carpiodes carpio 27 1.4 60 Av
Cyprinus carpia 42 2.8 Hy 49
fetalurus punctatus a8 2.6 S7 635
Roceus chrysaps 206 13.9 fi2 48
Micropterus salmoties 41 2.48 22 78
Pomoris annularis 107 fer! 4g fl
Aplodinotus grunniens Ag 3.5 37 isi r:
‘Totals 1,482 100.0
[53 }
--- Page 23 ---
ee ee
Sie a RE ae a al
rors eres
SS
Species
Lepisosteus osseus
Lepisosteus platuslomus
Leptsosteus productus
Dorosomea cepedianum
Ictiobus cyprinellus
Ictiobus bubalis
Carpiodes carpio
Cyprinus carpio
Tefalurus punctatus
Ictalurus melas
Aoccus chrysaps
Micraplerus salmoides
Pomocis annularts
Aplodinalus grunniens
Totals
% of Total
Number Number © Meles © Fem: les
105 9.8 75 25
36 3.3 ak A7
9 8 | 56
178 16.5 33 67
7 ff 100 ar
226, 21.0 BA 16
173 16.1 of AS
40 i | 60 40
4 4 75 2h
14 1.3 50 Hi)
121 11.2 46 ad
32 3.0 34 66
86 8.0 42 58
45 4.2 33 67
1,076 1H). 0)
Table 28. Rough Fishes Taken in Survey Gill Nets from Lake Wichita,
June 1, 1954 through May 31, 1955
% of Total Weight %, of Total Average
Species Number Number (lbs.} Weight WL. (lbs.)
Gars (all species) 150 19.4 491.9 22.8 2.2
Gizzard Shad 178 23.0 292.6 15.4 1.6
Buffalos (2 species) 235 30.1 741.4 8.5 3.1
River Carpsucker 173 2253 384.7 20.2 2.2
European Carp 40 5 f8.2 ea | 1.5
TOTALS 774 100.0 1,897.8 100.0
Table
29. Rough Fishes Taken by Commercial Fishe…