(1990) The Lower Colorado River Pesticides Study: Pesticide and Heavy Metal Residues in Surface Water, Sediments, and Fish Tissue

--- Page 1 --- THE LOWER COLORADO RIVER PESTICIDES STUDY: PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL RESIDUES IN SURFACE WATER, SEDIMENTS, AND FISH TISSUE Study Participants: . Austin-Travis County Health Department . Clear Clean Colorado River Association Lower Colorado River Authority Texas Department of Agriculture Texas Department of Health . Texas Parks and Wildlife Department . Texas Water Commission Study Coordinator: Melvin ©. Hinson, Jr. HINSON & ASSOCIATES Austin, Texas January, 1990 --- Page 2 --- TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary......++--. 6S S CaO we ORE SORS © ower 3-5 Sampling Locations Sampling Periods Water & Sediment Quality Fish Tissue Data Conclusions & Recommendations Introduction...... wees « eecereree cece een eee cece wees 6 Historical Information Cooperative Study Organization Data Collection and AnalysSiS..........cceeeceerccevee I79 Sampling Locations Sampling Periods Sample Collection Laboratory Analyses Results and DiscusSion........... 6% 8 RRC 8 Om eeeese 10-14 Surface Water Quality Sediments Fish Tissue Analyses Conclusions and Recommendations.......eeeeeereececes 2s 25 Literature Cited.......6.46. see eee oe ee eateseladd BOE BS se 16-17 Tables and FigureS..........-. ee ee esc ee eee 18-33 Table 1 - Sampling Locations....... ee ee eee 19-20 Sampling Locations Map......-.-+.-+-.+++4- 21 Table 2 - Heavy Metals/Pesticides Candidates List...........-. See ¥ k RSS wa 22 Table 3 - Pesticide Detection Levels........+. 23-24 (Lower Colorado River) Table 4 - Heavy Metals Detection Levels.......... 25 (Lower Colorado River) Table 5 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 1, upper Town Lake...... spr 2 oda & SE Ge 26 Table 6 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 3, lower Town Lake.....ceceeesancrevcceccs - 27 --- Page 3 --- Table of Contents (continued) Table 7 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 5, Travis County Precinct 1 Park area....- 28 Table 8 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 9, La Grange ALGa... cece e sere eserereeses 29 Table 9 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 13, Wharton ALGa.. ec wee ee ee eee e see eeseens wes 30 Table 10 - Pesticide and Heavy Metal Detection Levels from Station 14, Bay City area... . eee cece ree eees esa Sil Table 11 - Trinity River Study Analyses....--- eeee 32 Table 12 - Llano and Devils River Study AnalyS@S.eeeee ee eeeees $5. % = ERRESWS F @ BES 33 Appendices Appendix A - 1981 NURP Study.....---+-+++--++e: 34-36 Appendix - 1985 Austin-Travis County Health Department Study....----++--eerees 37-39 Appendix 1986 ccC Fish Tissue Study....... 40-41 Appendix Laboratory Analytical Methodology 42-48 LCRA. . cece eee eee ee eee eee e ees 43-44 Texas Dept. of Health......--- 45-47 Texas Dept. of Agriculture....... 48 Appendix Current Health Dept. Advisory for Town Lake issued by Austin/Travis County Health Department......... 49-51 Appendix Participant Contact List.......--- 52-54 --- Page 4 --- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY During the fall of 1987, a cooperative study was undertaken to assess pesticides and heavy metal contamination in the Lower Colorado River from Town Lake in Austin, Texas, to the Gulf of Mexico. The Lower Colorado River Authority, Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas Department of Health, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Texas Water Commission, Austin City-County Health Department, and the Clear Clean Colorado River Association provided the financial and/or technical support to evaluate the magnitude of the toxics problem within this river system. Surface water and sediments were initially scanned for a broad range of pesticides and heavy metals that could enter the river from either urban or rural sources. As_ the presence of individual compounds was documented during these laboratory analyses, subsequent analyses of fish tissues were directed toward those compounds. Sampling Locations Sixteen sampling sites were selected to cover the Colorado River study area, from Town Lake below Tom Miller dam to the tidal influenced river channel in Matagorda County, downstream of the lock structure. An additional station was established on Tres Palacios Creek at the State Highway 35 bridge to evaluate irrigation water that flows into coastal estuaries rather than into the Colorado River. Sample Periods Three different surveys of river water quality were conducted during this study. Baseline conditions were documented from December, 1987 through late February, 1988 when no releases were being made from upstream reservoirs and river flow levels reflected local tributary inputs and effluent discharges. Later sampling, when reservoir releases dominated instream flow characteristics, was initiated between April and July 1988 only after stormwater runoff events which affected much of the Lower Colorado watershed. Due to below normal rainfall during the sampling period, only two storm events produced adequate runoff conditions to evaluate toxics transport into the river. --- Page 5 --- -4- Water & Sediment Quality During each of the river sampling surveys, no pesticide residues were detected in broad scans for contaminants in the water samples, despite the presence of suspended sediments generated by the runoff events. During the baseline period, only sediments from Town Lake exhibited any detectable pesticide residues. Sediments from stations at Red Bud Isle and Congress Avenue bridge along Town Lake showed detectable residues of DDT and its breakdown product, DDE. During the July runoff event sampling period, residues of chlordane and DDT, DDE and DDD were detected in sediments throughout the river upstream of Smithville. The Tres Palacios Creek station also had detectable DDE following the storm events. Heavy metal concentrations in sediments exhibited a similar pattern of deposition in the area downstream of Austin and in Tres Palacios Creek, but individual station data were more variable than the pesticide data. Fish Tissue Data Fish tissues were analyzed for pesticides and heavy metals detected in water and sediments. Detectable concentrations were higher and more frequent in fishes collected near the Austin urban area. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Action Levels for chlordane were exceeded in one blue catfish, two gizzard shad, and one common carp, all from Town Lake. This accounts for 15% of the Town Lake samples. FDA Action Levels for DDT/DDE/DDD or mercury were not exceeded by any Town Lake fish. No stations downstream of Longhorn Dam produced fish tissue concentrations approaching FDA Action Levels for chlordane, DDT/DDE/DDD, or mercury. Conclusions and Recommendations el (1) Study results indicate that persistent chlorinated pesticides, such as chlordane and DDT/DDE/DDD, are present in sediments and fish tissue in Town Lake and along upper stretches of the river. Chlordane levels in some Town Lake fishes were elevated above FDA action levels, and the public health advisory issued by the Austin-Travis County Health Department following previous studies is still in effect. (2) Agricultural pesticide usage and its impacts could not be adequately evaluated during this study due to the lack of rainfall during the pre-emergent and rapidly growing phases of crop production. Runoff events that were sampled occurred much later than traditional application times for commonly used pesticides. --- Page 6 --- This objective of the study, to analyze the impact of agricultural use of pesticides on the Colorado River, therefore, could not be adequately accomplished. This potential impact should be further studied in the future during application periods with adequate rainfall. (3) Because of pesticide concentrations found during this study in Town Lake and earlier findings from the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program, a similar study of Lake Austin should be considered. --- Page 7 --- -6- INTRODUCTION Historical Information In 1982, the City of Austin participation in the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program (NURP) revealed deposits of heavy metals and selected pesticides in Town Lake and Lake Austin sediments. Fish tissue analyses on a limited number of specimens from these lakes revealed that combined DDT, DDD and DDE concentrations in one fish from Town Lake exceeded the FDA Action Level of 5.0 mg/kg (Appendix A). Stormwater runoff samples continued to show pesticides in runoff from tributaries to the two reservoirs. Public health concerns about pesticide contamination in fishes from Town Lake led to a 1985 survey of fish tissue from a variety of species in this urban reservoir (Appendix B). Observations of diseased and stressed fishes in the Colorado River prompted a similar study of potential contamination downstream of Town Lake (Appendix C). Both of these studies targeted the persistent organochlorine pesticides, chlordane and DDftT. FDA Action Levels (i.e. concentrations in edible fish that initiate federal action to remove commercial fish from the market due to public health concerns) were exceeded for chlordane in striped bass (Morone saxatilis), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) from Town Lake and in gray redhorse (Moxostoma congestum) from the Colorado River near Webberville (Appendix B and C). Based on these results, a new study was initiated that would (1) extend the geographical range of studies previously limited to the Austin area further downstream, (2) expand the list of pesticide compounds targeted for analysis, and (3) identify "hot spots" of pesticide and heavy metal contamination for future remedial action. Cooperative Study Organization A cooperative group of state resource agencies, local and state health authorities, and public interest organizations organized during 1987 to undertake such a study of the Lower Colorado River. Funds for support of an outside study coordinator were provided jointly by the Clear Clean Colorado River Association, Texas Department of Agriculture, Lower Colorado River Authority, and the Austin City-County Health Department. Field services related to electrofishing of required fish specimens were provided by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Laboratory analyses of water and sediments were provided by certified laboratories at the Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas Department of Health, and Lower Colorado River Authority. Analyses of fish tissues were performed by the Lower Colorado River Authority laboratory. All participating groups provided technical review of this project from formulation of initial work plan through finalization of this document. --- Page 8 --- -7J- DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Sampling Locations Sixteen sample sites along the mainstem Colorado River were used to characterize the river basin downstream of Tom Miller Dam which impounds Lake Austin. One station at the FM 973 bridge downstream of Austin was initially sampled but abandoned during later surveys due to adequate coverage by adjacent stations in Travis County. Station locations are given in Table 1 and illustrated in Figure 1. An additional sampling station (Station 15) was established on Tres Palacios Creek at the State Highway 35 bridge 5 miles south of the Colorado River to monitor agricultural return flows from farmlands using Colorado River irrigation water. In the narrow river basin near the coast, tributaries emptying into the mainstem are small and localized, so this site appeared to be more representative of pesticide contamination from extensively irrigated croplands. Sampling Periods This study was not intended to duplicate routine or periodic monitoring data on toxics distribution throughout the Lower Colorado River basin that is conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Water Commission, or Lower Colorado River Authority. In order to characterize pesticide residues currently being transported into the river from adjacent watersheds, the periods of sampling were oriented toward the larger runoff events. The baseline survey was performed during late December, 1987, a period of low flow. Sediments were sampled for heavy metals analysis during February, 1988. During this period, no reservoir releases were being made to the river through Lake Austin or Town Lake. Therefore, water levels were low at all sampling sites upstream of Bay city, permitting easy access to channel bottom sediments for collection. Storm events capable of producing runoff from large areas of the lower Colorado River watershed did not occur until late May and the middle of July. During both of these rainfall events, sampling was initiated approximately 24 hours after rain ceased. Turbid water indicating recent runoff contributions was encountered between Longhorn Dam and Webberville in both instances. Town Lake stations were generally clear as reservoir releases pushed the local urban runoff contributions downstream. Turbid conditions usually persisted at all downstream stations during the surveys. Sediment collections made after runoff events incorporated freshly deposited fine materials from shallow areas. --- Page 9 --- Sample Collection All water and surface sediment samples during this survey were collected by the study coordinator, Melvin 0. Hinson, Jr. Surface grab samples of water for pesticide analyses were collected in pre-cleaned glass bottles provided by the labs conducting the chemical analyses. Surface sediments were placed in wide-mouth glass jars with teflon liners. Samples were placed on ice for preservation. Field collections were conducted over one or two day periods, so samples reached appropriate labs for analysis within 48 hours of collection. Two methods of analyzing fish tissue are commonly used. One is total fish analysis where the whole body of the fish is analyzed. The other is analysis of the edible portion (fillet) only. This study utilized fillet analysis to specifically address health concerns for those individuals consuming fish from the Colorado River. Fishes used for laboratory pesticide and heavy metal analysis were collected by electrofishing. A field crew comprised of Texas Parks and Wildlife personnel and the study coordinator selected up to five large specimens of a particular fish species from each major trophic group (predator, omnivore, planktivore, and bottom-feeder) after which collection of that species was halted. Attempts to obtain samples of comparable size and number at each site were made, but actual sample composition reflected the local fish community structure. Fish were kept alive aboard the boat until sampling was complete. Surplus fish were released unharmed. Fish were preserved with ice during transport to the lab. Fishes were weighed and measured (total length). Fillets of edible tissue and livers were removed from the fish with a knife, wrapped in aluminum foil, and placed in plastic freezer bags prior to storage in a freezer. Laboratory Analyses The Texas Department of Agriculture pesticides laboratories in Brenham and the Rio Grande Valley performed the pesticide analyses of water and sediment samples collected during the initial low flow baseline survey. Broad scans for organochlorine, carbamate, and organophosphorus residues were conducted on the samples. A list of typical pesticide compounds that would be revealed during such scans can be found in the Table 2. For the purposes of this study, the term "pesticide" refers collectively to insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc. Water and sediment samples collected following runoff events were analyzed for pesticides by the Texas Department of Health environmental laboratory in Austin. --- Page 10 --- All heavy metals analyses were performed by the LCRA environmental laboratory in Austin. Detection limits for pesticide residues and heavy metals at these labs can also be found in the Appendix. Fish tissue samples were ground, digested, extracted, and processed at the LCRA laboratory. Extractions were completed prior to the six month's holding time limit suggested by EPA. Minimum detection limits for tissue samples varied with the weight of the available sample. Specific procedures followed in analyzing the fish tissue samples are described in Appendix D. --- Page 11 --- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Surface Water Quality A candidate list of pesticides and heavy metals most likely to be encountered during this study was developed based on (1) detection in previous studies of river water quality and toxics contamination and (2) Texas Department of Agriculture surveys of commonly used pesticides in counties adjacent to the lower Colorado River. Table 2 presents the list of insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and metals that were targeted for analysis in the initial laboratory screening of environmental media. Despite the large number of candidate compounds, no pesticide residues above detection limits were observed in surface water samples from any of the 17 sampling stations during the initial baseline survey or from either of the two runoff event surveys. The lack of positive detection for all candidate pesticides in the baseline and runoff event surveys was unexpected but not surprising. The timing of sample collections, due to late and erratic storm events, did not coincide with traditional pesticide application periods for the major crops in the lower Colorado River basin. Water sampling would be most effective at detecting pesticide transport during active pesticide application periods, coinciding with runoff events. Sediments Metal concentrations in sediment were evaluated against 85th percentile values from the Texas Water Commission (TWC) stream monitoring network. That level provides an indication of elevated concentrations. Table 3 presents the results for pesticide residues detected in sediments during the two relevant surveys. During the low flow period, only small quantities of DDT and its breakdown product DDE were found in sediments from the Red Bud Isle and Congress Avenue bridge areas of Town Lake. All sediments at stations downstream of Town Lake were free of detectable pesticide residues. During the July runoff event survey, detectable concentrations of DDT/DDE/DDD were present in sediments at all stations from Tom Miller Dam downstream to Smithville. Tres Palacios Creek sediments also contained low levels of DDE following the July runoff event. Chlordane residues appeared only in sediments from the Congress Avenue bridge (mid-Town Lake) and Smithville. Sediment samples from all other downriver stations were free of detectable pesticide residues. --- Page 12 --- -11- Table 4 illustrates the changes in sediment concentration of the eight common heavy metals regulated by Texas Surface Water Quality Standards between the river's low flow period and summer flows following runoff events. Of the metals, only lead exceeded the 85th percentile value of 38.0 mg/Kg. Stations 1 and 2 in Town Lake exceeded it during both baseline and post-runoff periods. Station 13, near Wharton, also had an elevated value following runoff sampling. All other metals were below 85th percentile levels. Sediment concentrations of heavy metals increased between surveys in lower Town Lake, the Colorado River at FM 969 bridge near Utley, downstream of Wharton, and at Tres Palacios Creek, perhaps indicating localized deposition of sediments with heavy metals. During the low flow period, baseline sediment collections uncovered none of the "hot spots" of pesticide or heavy metal contamination that may have been expected based on prior investigations along the lower Colorado River and its mainstream reservoirs. Only the most upstream stations (Red Bud Isle and Congress Avenue bridge) in Town Lake contained detectable levels of DDT and/or DDE. All other downstream sediments had less than detectable levels of pesticide residues. This condition may have been the result of massive river scour and sediment transport resulting from heavy rains in May and June, 1987. Following these storms events, river discharge levels measured at Bastrop peaked at more than 40,000 cfs and exceeded 20,000 cfs from June 3 to June 22 as excess flood storage was released from Lake Travis. Reservoir releases for irrigation are normally less than 2,000 cfs. Sediment accumulations were probably removed and washed out of the river system during that period. Pesticide and heavy metal accumulations found in post-runoff sampling indicate the potential importance of sediment transport and/or resuspension on _ the distribution of pesticides and metals in the river system. Only future studies of sediment contamination will reveal the extent of this problem. Fish Tissue Analyses Fillets from 86 individual fishes collected from Town Lake in Austin and the Colorado River between Webberville and Bay city were analyzed for selected organic constituents and metals (Tables 5-10). Contaminant concentrations of chlordane, DDT, DDE, DDD, and total mercury were compared to United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) action levels and Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) warning levels (75% of the FDA action level). Action or warning levels are not available for other substances analyzed. Where FDA criteria were not available, concentrations were compared to whole-fish, 85th percentile values from the Texas Water Commission stream monitoring network. Whole fish tissue data from two minimally impacted --- Page 13 --- streams, the Devil's River and the Llano River, were also used for comparison. Differences in analytical procedures for metals between these studies and the resulting difference in detection levels limit direct comparisons. Chlordane concentrations exceeded the FDA action level of 0.300 mg/kg in four of 26 fishes collected from Town Lake (Table 5 and 6). They were two gizzard shad with concentrations of 0.323 and 0.407 mg/kg, a blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) with 0.759 mg/kg, and a common carp with 0.417 mg/kg. Two additional fish, both from Town Lake, exceeded the OSDH warning level of 0.225 mg/kg chlordane. They were a channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) with a concentration of 0.296 mg/kg and a blue catfish with a concentration of 0.246 mg/kg. None of the 60 fishes analyzed from the river between Webberville and Bay City had concentrations equal to or greater than the FDA or OSDH criteria. All fish with elevated levels were of species that have a high oil or lipid content relative to the range of species tested. Chlordane, as with other chlorinated hydrocarbons, tends to accumulate in fatty tissues at higher concentrations than in the surrounding water column. Fish can concentrate chlordane by a factor of 1,000 to 3,000 times the ambient water concentration (Dick 1982). Older or larger fishes often demonstrate higher concentrations of Chlordane in tissue. This phenomenon may relate to longer exposure or to the general increase in lipid content with size. Historically, chlordane has been used extensively for termite control, as an insecticide for homes and gardens, and as a control for soil insects. The EPA cancelled some uses of the material in 1978 as a result of serious concerns over its persistence, chronic hazards and its potential to accumulate in the tissue of animals and humans. However, significant commercial use for termite control continued until a complete ban on sales in the United States was initiated in April 1988. Elevated chlordane levels are often associated with urban and residential runoff, and other studies have generally detected a greater incidence of high chlordane levels downstream of urban areas. Kleinsasser and Linam (1989) observed elevated concentrations in the Trinity River downstream of Fort Worth and Dallas (Table 11). Irwin (1988), who analyzed whole fish rather than fillets, also found a strong association between urban and suburban runoff and chlordane in the Trinity River. In a study on the Kansas River, fish tissue from more than 80% of locations sampled had detectable levels of chlordane (Arruda et al. 1987). Mean chlordane concentrations in the Kansas River increased at or downstream from major urban areas. --- Page 14 --- -13- By contrast, only trace levels are normally found in minimally impacted areas. Whole fish samples from the Llano and Devils rivers in Texas (Table 12) had concentrations below the detection limit (Texas Water Commission unpublished data). Whole fish would be expected to have slightly higher levels than fillets from the same fish. DDT, DDE, DDD tissue concentrations were all well below the FDA action level of 5.0 mg/kg (combined total of DDT and its metabolites) and the Oklahoma State Department of Health (OSDH) warning level of 3.750 mg/kg. DDT and its metabolites are persistent and are still found in tissues and sediments despite the fact they have been banned from the United States market since 1972. DDT was also detected in Devils River and Llano River samples (Table 12). No fishes had mercury concentrations near the FDA action level of 1.0 mg/kg or the OSDH warning level of 0.75 mg/kg. By comparison, mercury was detected in Devils River and Llano River samples. Aside from natural concentrations, mercury sources include fossil fuel combustion; mining and reprocessing of gold, copper, and lead; and the disposal of batteries and fluorescent lamps (Eisler 1987). Of the other metals, chromium consistently had the highest concentrations. Chromium varied from <0.10 to 2.69 mg/kg in tissue. Six fishes had concentrations greater than 1.0 mg/kg and four exceeded the 85th percentile value of 1.20 mg/kg. Of the latter four fish, one fish was from La Grange and three were from Wharton. More than 93% of the fishes had concentrations less than 1.0 mg/kg. The maximum chromium concentration from whole fish collected from the Devils and Llano rivers was 2.3 mg/kg (Table 12). Fishes rapidly eliminate chromium following exposure. Thus, fishes exposed intermittently to high chromium levels would not experience cumulative chromium uptake (USEPA 1978). In general, fishes tend to accumulate relatively little chromium in edible tissues and chromium is low in toxicity to humans (USEPA 1978). Chromium is considered an essential trace element in humans (Eisler 1986). The major sources of chromium contamination in aquatic environments are the electroplating and metal finishing industries and publically owned treatment plants (sewage sludge in particular); relatively minor sources are iron and steel foundries, inorganic chemical plants, tanneries, textile manufacturing, and runoff from urban and residential areas (Towill et al. 1978; Ecological Analysts 1981). Chromium in fertilizers may be an important source in soil, water, and some foods (Langard and Norseth 1979). Sediment enrichment has been correlated with fluxes of charcoal from different combustion processes: oil, coal, and wood burning (Moore and Ramamoorthy 1984). Suspended particulates are a major source of transport in aquatic systems. --- Page 15 --- -14- Arsenic concentrations ranged from <0.18 to 0.41 mg/kg. The latter value was found in a largemouth bass collected near La Grange. However, more than 97% of the values were less than 0.25 mg/kg, and none exceeded the Twc 85th percentile level of 0.7 mg/kg. Arsenic has a relatively low bioaccumulation factor in fish and the biological half-life of arsenic is only seven days in green sunfish (U.S. EPA 1978). The major uses of arsenic are in the production of herbicides, insecticides, desiccants, wood preservatives, and growth stimulants for plants and animals (Eisler 1988a). Arsenic can enter rivers from air pollution (fossil fuel combustion) as well as from pesticides and industrial sources (Irwin 1988). Lead values ranged from <0.1 to 0.20 mg/kg. The TWC 85th percentile level for lead is 1.7 mg/kg. Lead has a low bioaccumulation factor, and fishes normally accumulate very little of it in edible tissues. According to U.S. EPA (1978), finfishes are probably not a major source of lead in the human diet. Lead concentrations are usually highest near mining, smelting, and refining activities; lead storage battery recycling plants; areas of high vehicular traffic; urban and industrialized areas; and sewage and spoil disposal areas (Eisler 1988b). --- Page 16 --- -15- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The Austin-Travis County Health Department issued a health advisory in 1987 advising persons to avoid consuming common carp, shad, and striped bass from Town Lake. That advisory is still in effect (Appendix 5), and based upon the results of the current study, persistent organochlorine pesticides (chlordane and DDT/DDE/DDD) are still present in sediments and fish tissue in Town Lake. Chlordane concentrations in blue catfish, carp, and gizzard shad from Town Lake were elevated above FDA action levels. Although both compounds have been banned, they will undoubtedly continue to show up in further analyses. These results are consistent with those observed in some other watersheds draining urban and suburban areas. Because of the pesticide concentrations found in Town Lake during this study and earlier findings from the National Urban Runoff Program, a similar study of Lake Austin should be considered. Agricultural pesticide usage and its short-term impacts could not be adequately evaluated during this study, due to the lack of rainfall during the pre-emergent and rapidly growing phases of crop production. Runoff events that were sampled occurred much later than traditional application times for commonly used pesticides, virtually eliminating the chance of detecting those that are not persistent. Heavy metal concentrations in tissue were generally near or below detectable levels, though one fish from La Grange and three from Wharton contained chromium concentrations greater than the 85th percentile value for that metal in whole fish samples from Texas (TWC unpublished data). A further evaluation should be conducted into chromium sources in that reach of the river. Lead in sediments showed signs of being slightly elevated in Town Lake, though no fish had elevated concentrations. --- Page 17 --- LITERATURE CITED Arruda, J.A., M.S. Cringan, D.- Gilliland, S.G. Haslouer, J.E. Fry, R.Broxlerman, and K.L. Brunson. 1987. Correspondence between urban areas and the concentrations of chlordane in fish from the Kansas River. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 39(4):563-570. Dick, M. 1982. Pesticide and PCB concentrations in Texas- water, sediment and fish tissue. Texas Department of Water Resources. Austin, Texas. 77 pp- Ecological Analysts, Inc. 1981. The sources, chemistry, fate, and effects of chromium in aquatic environments. American Petroleum Institute. Washington, D.C. 207 pp. Eisler, R. 1986. Chromium hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85(1.6). 60 pp. Eisler, R. 1987. Mercury hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85(1.10). 90 pp- Eisler, R. 1988a. Arsenic hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85(1.12)-. 92 Dp. Eisler, R. 1988b. Lead hazards to fish, wildlife, and invertebrates: a synoptic review. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 85(1.14). 134 pp. Irwin, R-J. 1988. Impacts of toxic chemicals on Trinity River fish and wildlife. United States Fish and Wildlife Service. Fort Worth, Texas. 82 pp. Kleinsasser, R. and G. Linam. 1989. Water quality and fish assemblages in the Trinity River, Texas, between Fort Worth and Lake Livingston. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Austin, Texas. 157 pp. Langard, S. and T. Norseth. 1979. Chromium. Pages 383-397 in L. Friberg, G.F. Nordberg, and V.B. Vouk, editors. Handbook on the toxicology of metals. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press. Moore, J.W. and S. Ramamoorthy. 1984. Heavy metals in natural waters: Applied monitoring and impact assessment. Springer-Verlag. New York, N.Y. --- Page 18 --- -17- Towill, L.E., C.R. Shriner, J.S. Drury, A.S. Hammons, and 3J.W. Holleman. 1978. Reviews of the environmental effects of pollutants: III chromium. USEPA Report 600/1-78-023. 287 pp. United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1978. Metal bioaccumulation in fishes and aquatic invertebrates: A literature review. Report 600/3-78-103. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory. Duluth, Minnesota. --- Page 19 --- TABLES AND FIGURES --- Page 20 --- -19- TABLE 1 2 LOWER COLORADO RIVER PESTICIDES STUDY SAMPLING STATIONS ee ann STATION COUNTY SAMPLING TWC/STORET NO. LOCATION LOCATION NO. 1 Travis Town Lake - East shore of Red 1429.0900 Bud Isle below Tom Miller Dam 2 Travis Town Lake - North shore at 1429.0855 Congress Ave bridge 3 Travis Town Lake - East shore of 1429.0800 main pool near Longhorn Dam 4 Travis Colorado River - North shore 1428.0740 at Bolm Road bridge (private) 4A Travis Colorado River - North shore 1428.0700 at FM 973 bridge 5 Travis Colorado River - North shore 1428.0655 near boat ramp in Precinct 1 park 6 Bastrop Colorado River - North shore 1428.0640 at FM 969 bridge 7 Bastrop Colorado River - North shore 1428.6000 near boat ramp in Bastrop City park 8 Bastrop Colorado River - North shore 1428.0510 at US 95 bridge in Smithville 9 Fayette Colorado River - North shore 1402.0410 at boat ramp near SH 71 bridge 10 Colorado Colorado River - North shore 1402.0300 at SH Loop 329 bridge 11 Colorado Colorado River - North shore 1402.0200 at FM 950 bridge near Garwood 12 Wharton Colorado River - South shore 1402.0155 at FM 960 bridge near Glen Flora --- Page 21 --- TABLE 1 Cont EET STATION COUNTY SAMPLING TWC/STORET NO. LOCATION LOCATION NO. a 13 Wharton Colorado River - East shore 1402.0050 near boat ramp in Pecan Valley subdivision off FM 1299 14 Matagorda Colorado River - West shore 1402.0035 near boat ramp at SH 35 bridge west of Bay City 15 Matagorda Tres Palacios Creek - West shore - at SH 35 bridge near Blessing 16 Matagorda Colorado River - East shore 1401.0095 at FM 521 bridge 17 Matagorda Colorado River (tidal) - East 1401.0040 shore near public boat ramp along FM 2031 * Station abandoned after first sampling survey due to: (1) limitations on number of total analyses and (2) proximity to other stations --- Page 22 --- —-?1l= COLORADO RIVER Travig AUSTIN TO GULF OF MEXICO \ Bastrop A AUSTIN (5) ? ' f Vr Fayette « BASTROP ape 5) BOLO 8 = at a a * LA GRANGE ? : * COLUMBUS \ OF MEXICO --- Page 23 --- TABLE 2 CANDIDATE LIST OF PESTICIDES AND HEAVY METALS | a INSECTICIDES Carbaryl (Sevin) Carbofuron (Furadan) Terbufos (Counter) Zolone Toxaphene Aldicarb (Temik) M. Parathion (Metaphos) Chlorpyrifos (Lorsban/ Dursban) Aldrin/ Dieldrin Chlordane Diazinon (Spectricide) DDT Endrin Heptachlor Disulfoton (Di-syston) Dyfonate Dicrotophos (Bidrin) Monocrotophos (Azodrin) Azinophos M. (Futhion) Acephate (Orthene) Malathion E. Parathion (Orthophos) METALS/TRACE ELEMENTS Arsenic Barium Cadmium Chromium Lead Mercury Selenium Silver HERBICIDES 2,4-D (Demise) Atrazine (Aatrex) Picloram (Tordon) Metolachlor (Dual) Propenil 2,4,5-T (Weedar) Dicamba (Banvel) Propazine (Milog.) Alachlor (Lasso) Weedmaster Trifluralin (Treflan) Ordram Prometon Silvex (Fenoprop) Grazon FUNGICIDES/FUMIGANTS Benomyl (Benlate) Captan (Orthocide) Fentin H. (Du-ter) Tilt Chlorothalonil (Bravo) Terrachlor Iprodione (Rovral) Maneb (Manzate) EDB OTHERS PCBs PAHS Pthalates --- Page 24 --- -23- TABLE 3 PESTICIDE LEVELS DETECTED IN SEDIMENTS FROM LOWER COLORADO RIVER STATIONS NL —— LOW FLOW PERIOD* POST-RUNOFF EVENT? STATION Pesticide Conc. Pesticide conc. NO. Type (ug/Kg) Type (ug/Kg) a i pp',DDE 24 pp',DDE 400 pp',DDD 52 pp', DDT 110 op',DDE 11 op',DDT 40 2 pp',DDE 31 pp',DDE 60 pp',DDT 9 pp', DDT 36 pp',DDD 50 chlordane 140 3 N.D. pp', DDE 2 4 N.D. pp',DDE Bie pp',DDT 5 5 N.D. pp',DDE 6 6 N.D. pp',DDE 3 pp',DDT 20 7 N.D. pp' , DDE 4 8 N.D. pp', DDE 3 chlordane 10 9 N.D ‘ N.D. 10 N.D. N.D. 11 N.D. N.D. 12 N.D N.D. 13 N.D. N.D. --- Page 25 --- -?24- TABLE 3 Cont. eat LOW FLOW PERIOD’ POST-RUNOFF EVENT? STATION Pesticide Conc. Pesticide Conc. NO. Type (ug/Kg) Type (ug/Kg) a es 14 ND. N.D. 15(TPC) N.D. pp',DDE 2 16 N.D. N.D. 17 N.D. N.D. | eee * N.D. - No detected residues during standard scans 1 —~ Low Flow sampling period: 2/28/88 2 —~ post-Runoff Event sampling period: 7/13/88, 7/14/88 --- Page 26 --- TABLE 4 HEAVY METAL LEVELS DETECTED IN SEDIMENTS FROM COLORADO RIVER STATIONS TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL TOTAL STATION RIVER ARSENIC BARIUM CADMIUM CHROMIUM LEAD MERCURY SELENIUM SILVER NO. CONDITION (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) (mg/Kg) a 1 Low Flow 173 <2.3 17.0 <0.26 <2.3 <2.3 Post-Runoff 112 <1.09 9.2 <0.56 <0.5 <1.09 2 Low Flow 46.5 <0.9 15.9 Trace <0.9 <0.9 Post-Runoff 36.4 <0.72 11.6 <0.48 <0.5 <0.72 3 Low Flow 12.1 <0.6 2.1 <0.07 <0.6 <0.6 Post-Runoff 21.2 <0.66 3.0 <0.45 <0.5 <0.66 4 Low Flow 5.8 <0.6 8.3 Trace <0.6 <0.6 Post-Runoff 8.5 <0.66 3.7 <0.49 <0.5 <0.66 5 Low Flow 158 <2.0 19. <0.19 <2.0 <2.0 Post-Runof f 70.9 <0.70 12. <0.49 <0.5 <0.7 6 Low Flow 46.7 <0.6 5.6 Trace <0.6 <0.6 Post-Runoff 59.9 <0.72 11.4 <0.46 <0.5 <0.72 va Low Flow 103 1.5 18 Trace <1.0 <1.0 Post-Runoff 63.8 <0.75 11 <0.43 <0.50 <0.75 8 Low Flow 123 <1.1 «2 Trace ct | <1.1 Post-Runoff 604 <0.73 11.2 <0.44 <0.5 <0.73 9 Low Flow 108 <1.1 12.3 <0.13 o14 <1.1 Post-Runoff 43.9 <0.69 3.4 <0.51 <0.5 <0.69 10 Low Flow 45. <0.7 5.8 <0.07 <0.7 <0.7 Post-Runoff 71.8 <0.68 5.8 <0.45 <0.5 <0.76 11 Low Flow 97.1 <0.8 9.9 Trace <0.8 <0.8 Post-Runoff 92.6 <0.79 7.2 <0.47 <0.5 <0.79 12 Low Flow 57.4 <0.6 4.6 <0.07 <0.6 <0.6 Post-Runoff 51.8 <0.61 5.4 <0.45 <0.5 <0.61 13 Low Flow 15.3 <0.7 1.4 <0.06 <0.7 <0.7 Post-Runoff 47.9 <0.64 25.4 <0.46 <0.5 <0.64 14 Low Flow 1 54.8 <0.8 4.9 <0.09 <0.8 <0.8 Post-Runof f 1 38.7 <0.63 2.9 <0.49 <0.5 <0.63 15 Low Flow 0.9 97.2 <0.7 7.6 <0.07 <0.7 <0.7 Post-Runoff 1.9 161 <0.93 10.8 <0.46 <0.5 <0.93 16 Low Flow 148 <1.3 17.0 <0.09 <1.3 <1.3 Post-Runoff 73.8 <0.68 4.8 <0.46 <0.5 <0.68 17 Low Flow 93.4 <0.9 10.9 <0.12 <0.9 <0.9 Post-Runoff 58.8 <0.61 3.2 <0.48 <0.5 <0.61 a --- Page 27 --- -26- TABLE 5 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES FROM STATION 1 : UPPER TOWN LAKE IS TISSUE CONCENTRATION (mg/kg) NN Total Total Total Total Total Total FISH TYPE Length (mm) Weight (g) Chlordane DDD =6 DDE DDT Arsenic Chromium Lead Mercury i Largemouth Bass --- =e <0.040 <0.010 0.059 <0.020 <0.18 <0.10 <0.10 0.26 Largemouth Bass 340 613 <0.076 0.027 0.213 0.046 <0.19 <0.10 <0.10 0.30 Largemouth Bass 370 885 <0.040 0.023 0.174 0.035 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.18 Channel Catfish 457 1453 0.151 0.092 0.227 0.077 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 0.10 Blue Catfish 547 2837 0.144 0.099 0.274 0.075 <0.20 <0.20 0.13 0.11 Blue Catfish 572 2452 0.759** 0.329 0.740 0.222 <0.20 <0.10 0.16 0.11 Blue Catfish 580 3723 0.246* 0.076 0.231 0.047 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 324 613 <0.041 0.047 0.200 0.120 0.34 <0.10 0.12 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 370 908 <0.040 0.009 0.050 0.018 <0.19 <0.19 0.20 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 368 749 0.323** 0.236 0.655 0.242 <0.20 <0.20 0.16 <0.10 Gray Redhorse 416 1362 <0.040 0.010 0.043 <0.020 0.24 <0.19 0.10 <0.10 Gray Redhorse 423 1158 <0.040 0.016 0.066 <0.020 <0.20 0.50 <0.10 <0.09 Gray Redhorse 412 1203 <0.039 0.015 0.061 <0.020 <0.19 1.00 <0.10 <0.10 a * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 28 --- 2o7s TABLE 6 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES | FROM STATION 3 : LOWER TOWN LAKE a _ an07 TISSUE CONCENTRATION (mg/kg) a Total Total Total Total Total Total FISH TYPE Length (mm) Weight (g) Chlordane DDD DDE DDT Arsenic Chromium Lead Mercury ee eee eee Largemouth Bass 355 681 <0.040 <0.010 0.052 <0.020 <0.18 <0.10 <0.10 0.15 Largemouth Bass 356 645 0.185 0.064 0.282 0.070 <0.19 <0.10 <0.10 0.16 Largemouth Bass 265 272 <0.053 0.018 0.081 <0.026 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 0.13 Channel Catfish 290 204 <0.098 0.073 0.187 0.070 0.25 <0.25 <0.12 <0.18 Channel Catfish 449 1052 0.296* 0.086 0.224 0.073 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.13 Yellow Bullhead 260 318 0.121 0.055 0.347 0.053 <0.20 0.40 0.15 0.18 Gizzard Shad 390 1022 0.131 0.065 0.257 0.039 0.21 <0.10 0.18 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 402 1158 0.407** 0.155 0.476 0.128 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 428 1339 0.187 0.195 0.603 0.158 <0.18 <0.10 0.17 <0.10 Common Carp 645 5993 0.095 0.087 0.247 0.026 <0.19 <0.10 <0.10 0.20 Common Carp 738 9080 0.417** 0.313 0.870 0.103 <0.19 <0.19 <0.10 <0.09 Gray Redhorse 349 658 0.153 0.064 0.233 0.032 <0.20 <0.10 0.11 <0.10 Gray Redhorse 366 817 0.217 0.070 0.255 0.036 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 <0.09 Gray Redhorse 360 781 0.063 0.113 0.243 0.053 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 29 --- -28- TABLE 7 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES FROM STATION 5 : TRAVIS CO. PRECINCT 1 PARK AREA nn Greens TISSUE CONCENTRATION (mg/kg) Total Total Total Total Total Total FISH TYPE Length (mm) Weight (g) Chlordane DDD DDE DDT Arsenic Chromium Lead Mercury i ere Largemouth Bass 438 1305 <0.040 0.066 0.165 0.046 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.18 Largemouth Bass 277 297 <0.041 0.012 0.065 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.17 Largemouth Bass 316 454 0.140 0.060 0.217 0.055 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.11 Guadalupe Bass 392 908 0.084 0.038 0.159 0.029 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.39 Channel Catfish 530 1504 0.056 0.048 0.113 0.034 <0.20 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 Channel Catfish 466 851 0.150 0.061 0.238 0.039 <0.20 1.04 <0.24 <0.10 Channel Catfish 466 851 0.084 0.034 0.084 0.022 <0.20 <0.19 <0.19 0.10 Channel Catfish 434 851 <0.040 0.021 0.061 <0.020 <0.20 <0.19 <0.19 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 375 596 0.095 0.077 0.119 0.054 0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 281 249 <0.099 <0.025 0.072 <0.050 <0.20 <0.24 <0.24 <0.09 Gizzard Shad 261 203 0.099 0.071 0.147 0.052 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.09 Gizzard Shad 310 353 <0.049 0.021 0.050 <0.024 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Smallmouth Buffalo 520 2357 0.078 0.034 0.117 0.021 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.14 River Carpsucker 411 851 <0,047 0.031 0.100 0.025 <0.19 0.29 <0.19 <0.09 Freshwater Drum 465 1390 0.141 0.055 0.182 0.047 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Gray Redhorse 446 1107 0.044 0.024 0.113 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Gray Redhorse 468 1419 0.086 0.038 0.163 0.028 <0.20 0.22 <0.20 <0.09 Common Carp 661 4256 0.090 0.048 0.101 <0.020 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.10 Common Carp 613 3292 0.187 0.067 0.187 0.021 <0.19 <0.19 <0.19 <0.10 * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 30 --- -29- TABLE 8 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES FROM STATION 9 : LA GRANGE AREA a TISSUE CONCENTRATION (mg/kg) a Total Total Total Total Total Total FISH TYPE Length (mm) Weight (g) Chlordane DDD DDE DDT Arsenic Chromium Lead Mercury I PT Largemouth Bass 509 2327 <0.043 0.021 0.052 <0.021 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.48 Largemouth Bass 425 1362 0.115 0.056 0.114 <0.040 <0.20 2.43 <0.20 0.18 Largemouth Bass 396 1022 <0.044 0.018 0.059 <0.022 0.41 0.64 <0.19 0.21 Channel Catfish 370 511 0.056 0.030 0.068 0.019 <0.20 <0.19 <0.20 <0.09 Channel Catfish 389 624 <0.040 0.019 0.041 <0.020 <0.20 <0.19 <0.19 <0.09 Channel Catfish 373 511 0.051 0.030 0.060 <0.022 <0.20 0.20 <0.20 <0.09 Gizzard Shad 394 738 <0.053 0.033 0.061 <0.026 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Gizzard Shad 333 511 <0.050 0.019 0.038 <0.025 0.20 0.20 <0.20 <0.09 Gizzard Shad 385 738 0.034 0.027 0.056 <0.019 0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Common Carp 432 1163 <0.036 <0.009 <0.009 <0.018 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Common Carp 605 2979 <0.040 0.009 0.023 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 Common Carp 468 1476 <0.039 <0.010 <0.010 <0.019 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 I B00 ee * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 31 --- FISH TYPE Total Length (mm) -30- TABLE 9 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES FROM STATION 13 : TISSUE CONCENTRATION WHARTON AREA (mg/kg) — ——— —— DDD DDE DDT Total Arsenic Chromium Total Total Lead Total Mercury I TTI Channel Catfish Channel Catfish Channel Catfish Channel Catfish Channel Catfish Freshwater Drum Freshwater Drum Freshwater Drum Freshwater Orum Freshwater Drum Gizzard Shad Gray Redhorse Gray Redhorse Gray Redhorse River Carpsucker River Carpsucker 456 460 334 314 335 514 368 275 555 328 328 485 465 490 290 Total Weight (g) Chlordane 965 <0.040 908 <0.042 341 <0.060 284 <0.100 284 <0.057 2497 0.122 681 <0.040 284 <0.062 1305 0.098 454 <0.040 132 <0.100 1816 0.051 1702 <0.041 2554 0.076 284 <0.100 341 <0.051 0.016 0.018 <0.020 <0.030 <0.014 0.050 <0.010 <0.016 0.044 0.010 <0.030 0.019 0.015 0.024 <0.030 <0.013 0.041 0.047 <0.020 <0.030 0.018 0.124 0.022 0.019 0.098 0.025 0.026 0.089 0.078 0.163 <0.030 <0.013 <0.020 <0.021 <0.030 <0.050 <0.028 0.039 <0.020 <0.031 0.036 <0.020 <0.050 0.021 <0.020 0.045 <0.050 <0.025 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.22 <0.20 <0.20 <0.19 <0.20 0.23 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.19 <0.19 0.71 <0.20 <0.21 <0.19 2.69 2.43 <0.20 <0.20 1.23 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.19 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.19 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 <0.09 <0.10 <0.08 <0.10 <0.10 <0.09 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.10 <0.09 a * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 32 --- -31- TABLE 10 PESTICIDE AND HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN FISHES FROM STATION 14 : BAY CITY AREA —T TISSUE CONCENTRATION (mg/kg) NO Total Total Total Total Total Total FISH TYPE Length (mm) Weight (g) Chlordane DDD DDE DDT Arsenic Chromium Lead Mercury 2 naa Largemouth Bass 365 851 <0.040 <0.010 0.025 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.56 Largemouth Bass 316 568 <0.040 0.017 0.054 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 0.20 0.19 Largemouth Bass 285 328 <0.044 <0.011 <0.011 <0.022 <0.20 <0.20 <0.20 0.34 Channel Catfish 407 596 <0.040 <0.010 <0.010 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 <0,.10 Channel Catfish 419 681 <0.040 <0.010 <0.010 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.16 Channel Catfish 401 653 <0.040 <0.010 0.016 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.13 Smallmouth Buffalo 557 3008 <0.040 0.015 0.048 <0.020 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 <0.10 Smallmouth Buffalo 397 1135 <0.016 <0.040 0.069 <0.080 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.14 Smallmouth Buffalo 393 1873 <0.162 <0.041 0.114 <0.081 <0.20 <0.20 <0.10 0.19 Gizzard Shad 379 653 0.095 0.056 0.081 <0.044 0.22 <0.20 <0.10 <0.11 Gizzard Shad 368 596 0.140 0.050 0.079 <0.080 <0.20 <0.19 <0.20 <0.08 Gizzard Shad 273 258 0.175 0.052 0.062 <0.09%4 0.21 <0.19 <0.20 <0.11 nn ee * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning levels. ** Exceeds United States Food and Drug Administration action levels. --- Page 33 --- TABLE 11. Results of residue analysis on fillets of fishes collected from the Trinity River and its tributaries (Kleinsasser and Linam 1989). Values with asterisks exceed FDA criteria. (ND = not detected, C = three-fish composite, NA = not analyzed for.) ‘ i Station Species Chlordane DDE DDT Hg Pb (mg/kg) (mg/kg) «mg/kg) (mg/kg) (mg/kg) | eS .__MeOO00 es Bear Creek Yellow bullhead (C) ND ND ND 0.065 <1.800 Bear Creek Green sunfish (C) ND ND ND 0.119 <1.600 Below Benbrook Dam Yellow bullhead (C) <0.010 <0.005 ND 0.055 <1.700 Below Benbrook Dam Longear sunfish (C) ND ND ND 0.253 <1.700 BeLow Benbrook Dam Largemouth bass ND ND ND 0.324 <1.700 Trinity Park White crappie 0.050 0.006 ND 0.293 <1.700 Trinity Park Green sunfish ND ND ND 0.151 <1.700 Trinity Park Largemouth bass ND ND ND 0.530 <1.600 Purcy Drain Bluegill sunfish (C) 0.340** 0.040 ND 0.073 <1.700 Purcy Drain Gizzard shad 0.780** 0.050 ND 0.051 <1.900 Belt Line Road Smallmouth buffalo 0.032 ND ND 0.290 <2.800 Belt Line Road Smallmouth buffalo 0.340** 0.030 0.120 0.360 <3.100 Commerce Street Smallmouth buffalo 0.700** 0.170 0.080 0.209 <1.600 Commerce Street Smallmouth buffalo 0.500** 0.100 0.050 0.172 <1.600 Commerce Street Gizzard shad 0.840** 0.060 0.050 0.096 <1.600 Commerce Street Gizzard shad 0.800** 0.090 0.100 0.073 <1.600 $. Loop 12 Smallmouth buffalo 0.500** 0.025 0.053 0.200 <2.700 FM 85 Smallmouth buffalo 0.250* 0.060 0.015 0.096 <3.100 FM 85 Freshwater drum 0.120 0.015 0.020 0.240 <1.600 FM 8&5 Blue catfish 0.080 0.009 ND 0.356 <1.600 FM 8&5 Gizzard shad 0.090 0.009 ND 0.078 <1.700 State Highway 31 Smallmouth buffalo 0.050 0.020 ND 0.185 <1.600 State Highway 31 Gizzard shad 0.190 0.025 ND 0.049 <1.700 U.S. 287 Blue catfish 0.014 0.010 ND 0.170 <2.200 U.S. 79 Smallmouth buffalo 0.170 0.054 0.016 0.140 <2.600 U.S. 79 Smallmouth buffalo 0.024 0.006 ND 0.046 <1.400 U.S. 79 Blue catfish 0.040 0.017 ND 0.175 <1.400 U.S. 79 Blue catfish 0.020 0.010 ND 0.223 <1.600 State Highway 7 Freshwater drum ND ND ND 0.064 <3.000 State Highway 7 River carpsucker 0.047 0.012 ND 0.078 <3.100 State Highway 7 Flathead catfish 0.086 0.026 0.059 NA NA State Highway 21 Flathead catfish 0.077 0.038 0.040 0.340 <2.900 State Highway 21 White bass 0.140 0.050 ND 0.145 <1.600 State Highway 21 White bass 0.290* 0.170 0.060 0.132 <1.300 Elm Fork: Sandy Lake Road White crappie ND ND ND NA NA Elm Fork: Sandy Lake Road Longear sunfish ND 0.006 ND NA NA East Fork: Malloy Bridge Longear sunfish 0.430** 0.065 0.085 NA NA East Fork: Malloy Bridge Longear sunfish 0.190 0.110 0.070 NA NA East Fork: Malloy Bridge Channel catfish 0.054 0.014 ND 0.120 <2.300 East Fork: Malloy Bridge Smallmouth buffalo 0.030 0.020 ND 0.181 <1.600 East Fork: Malloy Bridge Smallmouth buffalo 0.140 0.030 ND 0.209 <1.600 * Exceeds Oklahoma State Department of Health warning level ** Exceeds FDA action level and OSDH warning level --- Page 34 --- -33- oTTt’o ooL*t > OOL es oo#v'O > oZ…