TPWD 1954 F-4-R-1 #67: Inventory of Species Present in Benbrook Lake, Benbrook, Texas

--- Page 1 --- STATE Texas PROJECT NO. F-%-R-1, Job B-5 PERIOD June 1, 1953 - May 31, 1954 Segment Completion Report by Leonard D. Lamb Project Leader Robert N. Hambric Assistant Project Leader TITLE Inventory of Species Present in Benbrook Lake, Benbrook, Texas. OBJECTIVES To determine the species present and their relative abundance as well as to de- termine the ecological factors influencing their distribution. HISTORY OF LAKE The Benbrook Dam is located on the Clear Fork of the Trinity River, 15 river miles above the stream's juncture with the West Fork of the Trinity and about 574 river m'les above the mouth of the Trinity. The dam was constructed by the U. S. Corps of Engineers as a dual purpose im- poundment. Flood control and water conservation are the primary purposes, but re- creation and municipal water supply are given definite consideration. Closure of the dam was made on September 29, 1952 to begin the impoundment which due to the lack of rainfall, since that date, has remained comparatively small. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Benbrook Lake is located in the Fort Worth Prairie Sub-division of the Grand Prairie Region. The upper portion of the Reservoir area projects into the Western Cross Timbers Region but the majority is in the Fort Worth Pr’airie. This region is underlaid by alternating limestone and shale strata which forms a gently sloping and almost treeless plain. The dam is of the rolled-fill embankment type, with both gate and uncontrolled spillway. The bottom of the spillway notch is at an elevation of 710 feet which will provide a depth of 88 feet, and an area of 5,824 surface acres. The conserva- tion pool extends from elevation 622 to 694 and provides 3,769 surface acres wth a maximum depth of 72 feet and an average depth of 23.44 feet. This maximum depth is in the old river channel and is not extensive in area. The general lake bottom el- evation is 640 feet which provides a depth o f 54 feet. The lake at present covers 940 surface acres to a maximum depth of 37.7 feet. Benbrook Lake is fed by the following streams: Rock Creek, Mustang Creek, Bear reek, Clear Fork and Dutch Branch, which have a drainage area of 416 square miles. she average annual rainfall on this watershed during the 1891 to 1944period was 31e5 inches, while the average in 1952 and 1953 was 24.27 and 28.52 inches respectively. --- Page 2 --- hr AQUATIC VEGETATION There is little emergent or floating aquatic vegetation to be found in Benbrook Lake. Small, widely scattered patches of pondweed (Potamogeton sp.) may be found along with isolated clump of cattail (Typha latifolia) and bulrush (Scirpus validus). Button willow (Cephalanthus sp.) and Black Willow (Salix nigra) may be found along the margins and in the beds of the tributary streams above the present lake basin. The submerged aquatic vegetation is largely in two species, Najas guadalupensis and Chara sp. These plants are quite thick in the tributary streams and in the shal- low areas. The majority of the plant material in the lake is composed of inundated terrest- rial vegetation. The failureto cut timber from a rather large tract of land togeth- er with the grass and brush that grew up on the cleared land, before inundation, pro- vides much cover for the fish. COLLECTING METHODS Sampling of the fish population by the use of gill nets and seines was carried on from July 1953 through May 1954. This sampling was done by means of 14 inch mesh gill 100 ft. long and 8 feet deep and bag seines of 4 inch mesh, 30 ft. long and 6 ft. deep. The nets were set at established stations and a total of 30 net sets were made. The seining collections were made at three stations where suitable beaches were avail- able and five such collections were made. Data regarding length, weight and sex of the specimens taken was recorded along with scale samples and stomach contents. There is some doubt as to the validity of age determination from scale examination in this area but scale samples were taken. Stomach contents were examined and recorded. A check list of the fishes collected from Benbrook Lake is recorded in Table l. RESULTS OF SEINING COLLECTIONS Five seining collections were made on this lake between July 1953 and May 1954. (Table 2) Collections were made during July and September and again in April and May. These collections provided 719 specimens representing 7 families, 14 genera and 22 species. Sunfish made up 44.43% of the total with green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus) Pp ing 25.99%. The game fish group constituted 60.3% of the entire seine catch. The remaining 39% ineluded 5.15% bullheads which leaves only 33.55% of the catch in the forage fish group. Aquatic insects and some fresh water snrimp (Palaemontes sp.) were alse taken in seine hauls among vegetation. RESULTS OF NETTING COLLECTIONS Results of 30 net sets made from August 1953 through May 1954 are shown in Table 3. The 2187 specimens taken in these collections numbered 16 species which represen- ted ll genera and 5 families. The most numerous species in the net collections was found to be Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) which made up 84.77% of the catch by number and 81.94% by weight (Table 4.) This species is largely responsible for the overbalance in favor of geme fishes as shown in Table 5. This table shows 88 . 30% by weight and 89.07% by number to be made u p of game species. Table 6 records the length, weight and coefficient of condition of the specimens taken in gill net collections. The coefficient of condition fails to indicate the overcrowded condition of the lake. The moderate infestation of a copepod parasite (Ergasilus versicolor) which was noted in February 1953 became intensified until by April, 100% of the largemouth bass specimens taken harbored this parasite along with Achtheries microptera. The May collections showed heavy infestations of Yellow Grub, --- Page 3 --- (Clinostomum marginatum) and Leeches, along with the two previously mentioned Cope- pods and a third that is as yet unidentified. The number of nets used varies from month to month and from one lake to another and for that reason Table 7 was prepared to show the average number of each species taken per net. The average of 63.09 largemouth bass per net is rather significant as this species tends to be wary of nets and generally is caught in relatively small numbers. Table & records the stocking of game fishes in Benbrook Lake since the closure of the dam, by both the State and Federal fish hatcheries. A total of 548,575 fish were stocked in 1953. All of these were more than one inch in length although the 270,325 largemouth bass from the State Fish Hatchery are listed as fry. The re- cords of fish stocking on the Clear Fork and the tributary streams is not available but the fact remains that much stocking of this watershed had been done in the past. This lake was closed to fishing in September 1953 and remained closed until June 1, 1954 which will in part account for the high percentage of game species in the population of the lake. In view of the data collected, it is the opinion of the writer that further study of this lake is advisable. Data collected from representative seine and net statious aweincluded in the following data sheets and is typical of the data collected from all such stations. SUMMARY 1. Benbrook Lake is located on the Clear Fork of the Trinity River, 15 river miles from Fort Worth, Texas. It is a flood control and water conservation res- ervoir constructed by the U. S. Corps of Engineers and completed September 29, 1952. 2s The conservation pool, when filled, will impound 3,769 surface acres to an average depth of 23.44 feet, but due to a much lower than average rainfall, the impoundment now covers onl 7 940 surface acres to a maximum depth of 37.7 feet. 3. wenty~ eight species repr resenting twenty genera and six families were taken fre anbrook Lake by seining and netting from July 1953 WEnOnER May 1954, 1 mouth bass accounted for 10.16% of the seining and 84.77% of the netting eollecti hs ill net collections totaled 2,187 fish that weighed 1,651 pounds. The largemouth bass made up 84.77% of the nemiines and 81.94% of the weight of all species collected. 5. Game fish totaled 88.32% by number and 89.07% by weight with chan- nel catfish recorded as game fish. 6. The overcrowded condition of the bass population of this lake is re- flected in the catch per net where 63.09 bass were taken per net set with nets 100 ft. long, 8 feet deep and 14 inch mesh. 7. Hatchery stocking of this lake in 1953 totaled 548,575 fish of which 370,325 were largemouth bass. This is 393.9 Diss per surface acre for the 940 acres in the lake. The entire stocking numbered 583.6 fish per surface acre which is in addition to natural spawn present in the impoundment. 8. Data collected from representative seine and net stations and typ- ical of data collected from all stations areincluded. --- Page 4 --- i C Texas, 1953 - 1954. Seientific Name Common Name 1. Gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum 2. River carpsucker Carpiodes carpio 36 Texas Gray redhorse . Moxostoma congestum hk, Spotted sucker Minytrema melanops Dr European carp Cyprinus carpio 6. minnow Ceratichthys sp. Es Suckermouth minnow Phenocobius mirabilis 8, Redfin shiner Notropis umbratilis 9. Blacktail shiner Notropis venustu.s Oo. Plains red shiner / Notropis lutrensis Ll. Silvery minnow Hybognathus nuchalis 2. Stoneroller Campostoma anomalum 3. Southern channel catfish Ietalurus punctatus h, Black Bullhead Catfish Ameiurus melas 5. Yellow bullhead catfish Ameiurus natalis 6. Tadpole madtom Schilbeoides mollis ‘Cs Blackstripe topminnow Fundulus notatus 8. Common mosquitofish Gambusia affinis 9. Spotted bass Micropterus punctulatus Oe Largemouth biack bass Micropterus salmoides ele Warmouth bass Chaenobryttus coronarius 2 Green sunfish Lepomis cyanellus Bee Small sunfish Lepomis symmetricus We Lepomis punctatus Lepomis macrochirus Lepomis auritus Ambloplites rupestris Pomoxis annularis --- Page 5 --- Table 2. Results of Seining Collections by Number and Percentage of Each Species, Benbrook Lake, Tarrant County, Texas, 1953 - 1954. Species Dorosoma cepedianum Minytrema melanops Phenocobius mirabilis Notropis umbratilis Notropis lutrensis Hybognathus nuchalis Campostoma anomalum Ameiurus melas Ameiurus natalis Schilbeodes mollis jFundulus notatus Gambusia affinis \Micropterus punctulatus Micropterus salmoides Lepomis cyanellus jLepomis symmetricus Lepomis punctatus Lepomis macrochirus lLepomis auritus lPenoxds annularis pCeratichthys sp. Notropis venustus Totals July 12 9 il 28 23 4h 118 13 12 283 Sept. 15 39 ah Are 36 129 Apr. May 2 3 7 2 78 3 32 2 3 7 61 2 14 26 4 1 43 6 8 3 139 «168 No. % of No.| 12 1.68 ll 1.54 3 42 18 2.50 108 =: 14.92 3 42 8 1.12 344.73 3 42 7 98 8h 11.68 2 29 i ma 73 10.16 187 25.99 1 14 13 1.82 79 10.99 25 3.48 te) 5.57 4 56 3 42 719 99.98 --- Page 6 --- 00°00T| ELh | Ei + fa ©; a $ e d rc , . 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"SqT % AeW tb \O ° \O oO oy — Os co TH'6 HE QT L6°S iawn Tg’ €6°E ° SOT Trady to” SO'T et" Se" oS" To" t 88" T9°ST "6" 00°? % “SQT yoreyl 90° ea* 95° TL €S° LOT oL* 9 QL" 6T'°T q6°T Z6°S 99° OT GO°9T QL 6T°T 92° AT On ° TS % “SQT Azeniqag panuti,u09 STBLOL StiepTnuue stTxomog Staqysednz seattdotamy snytane stucdey snatyootoem stucdaety snTTeueko stmodey SNTABUGIOON snqdéarqouseug Seploules snzeadoroty snyepnzound snzeqdaszorp STTeyeu snmtreny SseTou snaintouy sn .eyound snanpte .ot otdzeo snutazdsg sdoueTem Bmarkuty ungjsesuco eMmoLsOXON otdzeo sopotdze9 mnuetpedsos eumoso.1og sotoedg "y STABL --- Page 10 --- Table 5. Results of Netting Collections by Game and Rough Species, Benbrook Lake, Tarrant County, Texas, 1953 - 1954. Total Number of Individuals Collected 2,187 Total Weight of Individuals Collected 1,651.93 Average Weight Per Individual (pounds) 75 Total Weight of Rough Species Collected (pounds) 191.95 Total Number of Rough Species Collected 239 Average Weight Per Rough Fish (Pounds) .80 Percent Rough Fish By Weight 11.69 Percent Rough Fish By Number 10.93 Total Weight of Game Species (pounds)* 1,459.98 Total Number of Game Species* 1,948 Average Weight Per Game Fish (pounds)* 15 Percent Game Fish By Weight* 88.32 Percent Game Fish By Number* 89.07 *Note:; Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) has been included in the game fish group since they are so considered by the local fishermen and are often taken by the sport fishermen. --- Page 11 --- LE" SOT GEe-SL 9 sTreTnuue stTxomog ZE°EHTS°S 99°TSS = Sey-eT 6o"4 6S" 00°g6L g6T 00°S9T GOT T sTaqsednz saqr{dotamy Of ° 4 Og’S-TE’E LL°S6 S2T-S9g €Q° tet CHI-SET €T snqtaine stwodeT OT°h 0S°S-09°T OO°HTLT etyT- LS L2°68T 6yL-Sh ce snityootoem stuodeT HEE Te°e-02°f GE*ZOT §=SQT-tHT €9°69T OgT-O9T 9 snTTeueko stmodeT 2g°t 69°E-SG°E oo'LLT g6T-9ST 00° OLT gLT-Z9T Z sntzeuotoo snzykzqoueeyy 9S°2 06°€-90°T QOT°TEE TSg-Sg cE "Qte OnE HOT qSQT septompes snseqdozot 08 °T 0g°T OO"'ORE OE 00° gEz? gece T sn~nqzeqgound snzeqdotot TE"? 6t°e-QS°T gt Lol TZOT-g9 QS "642 6HE-SHT eh STTeqeu sninte Lo*2 T6°o-qL*T 90°H9E LOS-O€ Qt 89d OTE~OST L9 seTom snante LL*T Og*e-TT'T o00°gEZT S99e-Tzz 419° 96E OTS-SSz FAG sngeqound snanqteyo c9°S oL’2-92°2 LS°6T9 LO6-OnE 00° QZ CHE-OTE L oTdieo snutadh Lo°@ ZE"e-06°T = EQ"SES HOL-QZE 95° 962 on€-Ss2 «£2 sdoueteu wmer,cut HO"? 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O0°Seéh §=Seh 00° SL2 GLze T mngsesuco Billo SOX qh s GS°2-02°2 €S°ONQG ZOQT-6ES TL OSE GQE-S92 1, ofdies sepotdse gL°T 90°4-9S'0 OT'6HE — 60L-LS 00°gLzZ elt- OT T9 mnuetpedes emoso.to - (we) ‘aeay (Ws) oduey (WW)eserteay (WH) esuey UST eseIOAVY Mu e8uey wa ZUSTOM qUSTOM "TT paepueqys “T paepueqg fo ‘on | | "HS6T - €S6T ‘sexe, fAqunop --- Page 12 --- Se°gtt. = ELH «= OO"LLG—_—sdLGSs OTE — ag G2°99 G92 -0G°EQ OEE = OGL SGT sTeBqo G2°t G os: T STIBTNuUB SsTxOMOg Ge" T staqgsednz saqyttTdotaqumy Ge" T G2° T oor’ 9 snqtine stuodety 00° t t OS°T 3 OS°T 9 Gere eT 00°€ 9 snityooroem stucdeT Ge" T snTjTeueko stuodeT 00°T 2 sntzeuotoo snz7hiqoueeyg 00°60T =9fh 00°SH = SH oS° Le SS GL°O9 Ene Geto €S2 o0O°ZS HOT SeplowmTes snseqdotoTHW 0S° T snzetnqzound snzaydoxortw 0S"9 9¢ 00° T T 00°T j OS° co Set S 0S°9 €T sTTeqeu snantomy Go° T 00°9 9 00°T th §86Ge°9 G2 OS°e L se[Tom sninteay 0S g 0S° f Sere €L 00°h g snyeqound snante.ot 0S" T 0S" Z ost € otdaeo snutadéo GL° iS Ge" 3 sdouetTom emezkuty WUNASSBUdD BUOLSOXOH OS° T Gz° T otdzeo sapotdieg S2°T S 00°T 1 G2°T G Ghre ST 00°2 4 unuBtpeded euosoztog JeN ted USTd I°eN/d USTA YON TOG USTT Jou Jeg Ustad qou/g Ustad you/d usta usta “ON =o US “ON usta “On usta “ON UsSTH “ON USTH ON setoedg yes sqou t qes Jou T 78S sqou Z yes sqjou + yes sjyou t+ ges sgou Zg Arenuepe awaquedeq JaquaAON JI3q0100 Zequeydes asnsny “"S6T - ES6T ‘sexe, ‘Aqunop queziey, ‘axel yoorqueg “aN [TTD Jo 19ea OOT aed uayey, UST Aq suOTQOeTTOO BSuUTIIAEN Jo satnsey °) aTaqez --- Page 13 --- ES°*thh oorLe Le 0c" €0° St" 00°T T HOT 0g* 90° 60° €9 OO" TE TE £0" ZS°2 00°S c TES 00°? o OT*T 00°T T qe" 6," £0° He" OT’S ZEN ted 49N ted sta usta usta “ON - ON qes Jou T SBeISAY ABW 99°9L oc2 00°T € L9°T S 19°9S QLT 00° t ot €E°9 6T ge T ee" T 00°2 9 00*T € Ce°T aT qe 18g Ustad usta “ON q4es sqou € Tpady Ge°Lg On LT T LT’ T 0S°29 GLE OS°T 6 LT? T LTS €T LT° T 0s” € JON TOG Ustad usta “ON 2.88 sqzeu g yore 00°Ssg = OLT 00°89 QET 0S° T O0S°T t 00°? 4 00°T 2g 00°ST te JON Jeg yYstl usta “ON 49S sqoau Z Azeniga7 STBLOL StareTnuue stxouog staqysednz seqttdoTqmy snatane stmodeT snityooioeu stmodeT sn{TTeueko stmodeT sntreuct0o snq yfagouesyp septoures snzeqdost0tW snqzetTnqgound snzeqdo10twW STTeq.eu snaintony Sela snaintouy snzeqound snun[e ot otdzeo snutazdsg sdoustow emer yAUTW mngseasuco ello VSOXoW otTdizeo sepotdaep mnuetpedses eulosozad sotoeds (penutquop) *) eTqey, --- Page 14 --- Table 8. Stocking of Fish in Benbrook Lake, Tarrant County, Texas, By State and Federal Fish Hatcheries in 1953. Species State Federal Total Hatchery Hatchery Stocked Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) 25,875 25,875 Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides)270, 325 100,000 370, 325 Warmouth Bass (Chaenobryttus coronarius) 40,075 40,075 Redear Sunfish (Lepomis microlophus) 50,525 50,525 Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) 22,325 22, 325 Longear Sunfish (Lepomis megalotis) 4,500 4,500 White Crappie (Pomoxis annularis) 11,300 11,300 Black Crappie (Pomoxis nigro-maculatus )23,650 23 ,650 tearm ats Total 448,575 100, 000 548,575 | arene nn tne eens --- Page 15 --- Fish Card Coll. No. BSS1 Locality: Benbrook Lake, Sta. sl) 7-14-53,Collector: Lamb Collections made on Rock Creek above lake basin. Time: 1:00 to 5:00 P. M. Description Shoreline: Stream banks variable but fairly low - often rocky. Bottom: Rock and gravel with some silt in deeper pools. Cover: Little except for some rocks and undercut banks. Chara scat- tered. Weather - Present: Clear and Hot. Preceeding: Clear and Hot. Water - Temperature: Color: Clear Surface: 78°F Turbidity: none Bottom: 78°F Vegetation: Chara and Najas in small amounts in some pools. Submerged: Small amounts of chara and najas. Floating: None Emerged: None Predators: None observed. Parasites and Disease: None observed. Tackle Used: Bag Seine. Length: 30 ft. Mesh: # inch Depth: 6 ft. Number of Hauls: 6 Length of Hauls: 100 ft. average Species No. No. Spotted Sucker 7 Green sunfish 109 Redfin Shiner 1O Spotted sunfish 13 Stoneroller Minnow 8 Bluegill sunfish 4 Blackstripe Topminnow 23 Spotted Bass ny Largemouth Black Bass 20 69 126 --- Page 16 --- Fish Card Coll. No. B5G13 Locality: Benbrook Lake(Sta. 2) Date: May 6, 1954 Collector: Lamb Time: Overnight (12 hours) Description * Shoreline; Rather regular, sparse vegetation for the most part. Bottom: Gravel and clay - rather irregular. Cover: Grass and weeds were inundated - brush and trees left in places. Weather - Present: Clear and rather warm. Preceeding: Clear and warm. ‘Water Temperature: Color: Clear Surface: 75°F Turbidity: None fe) Bottom: 75 F Vegetation Submerged: Terrestrial vegetation submerged plus chara and najas. Floating: Small amount of potamogeton. Emerged: Terrestrial trees and shrubs in flooded area. Predators: Water snakes (Natrix sp.) and turtles of various species. Parasites and Disease: Ergasilus versicolor, Achtheres micropter@ , yellow grub and leeches. Tackle Used: 1 gill net Length: 125 ft. Mesh: Varible Depth: 8 ft. No. of Hauls: 1 Length of Hauls: Overnight - 12 hours. Species No. Species No. Channel Catfish 1 Black bullhead 2 Yellow bullhead 2 Largemouth black bass 31 Yellowbelly sunfish 1 Total 37 --- Page 17 --- 156 Date May 6,1954 about 12 hours BENBROOK LAKE (Station no. 2) y, Collection No,B5G13 Localit r Time Tackle Used e ? & Vegetation ains unidentifiable . ains Unidentifiable ntifiable insect remé tl rem rem i = agus SA Pm . x “1° NA} oe C™ O ala al ale oO = (o) 2 2 * ce @ oO @ CO i cil Gul od cul AN] A ql al cla qua aAae o's | a ala Py Yt Ny aS peo) wy |] NY Sy) fr =) Fry | Sy) Fol Fy fol =| SS] SS) SB) el SS | fey] Fea) Ba] Se] Sl] ) By ci = fos 1 a8 | ppremains ae remains ?. peat et ee Seen eeeeeereteran eo Y.Bull Lai Species | Sex & Length in mm /|Wt. in Stom, Remarks Develop. | Stand,|Total | Grams No, C.Cat ieesecart a --- Page 18 --- 16. FISH LIST Name of Water BENBROOK LAKE Date § q i mC Box Species Ictalurus punctatus | | i Totals a | g K + A . ‘ } ] ~ - ¥ 5} uv) q | , ‘ | | Re ' : | ! 1 od 1 o @ i 4 a & | Lepomis a