TPWD 1956 F-2-R-3 #258: Inventory of Species Present in Buchanan Lake

--- Page 1 --- STATE Texas PROJECT F2k3, Job B-13 PERIOD June 1955 through January 1956 Job Completion Report nT: Assistant Project Leader TITLE Inventory of Species Present in Buchanan Lake. OBJECTIVES To determine the species present and their relative abundance. METHODS AND PROCEDURES Three principal collecting methods were used in securing specimens from Buchanan Lake. Gill nets 8 by 100 feet of 13, 2, and 3 inch mesh were used to some extent although the experimental type was used most frequently because of the bet- ter sample obtained. Seine collections were made with 36 by 6 feet bag seines and 30 by 6 feet straight seines, both types with +} inch mesh. One rotenone collection was made. A small slough of approximately three acre feet was treated with rotenone during January. Gill net collections were made at random over the entire lake, while seine collections were made at prescribed stations. Map No. 1 shows netting, seining, and rotenone collecting sites. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS A complete physical description of the lake can be found in Segment Completion Report, Project FeR2, Job B-13, dated June 1955. During the present segment period the water level of Lake Buchanan fell from one foot below spillway level in Juiy 1955 to 13 feet below spillway level in January 1956, or a maximum fluctuation of 12 feet. AQUATIC VEGETATION AND COVER With the exception of a few scattered areas, Lake Buchanan is relatively free of aquatic vegetation. In some shallow areas, musk grass, Chara sp.; filamentous algae, Spirogyra sp-; coontail, Ceratophyllum demersum; parrot feather, Myriophyllum sp.; and pond weed, Potamogeton sp., are found, particularly where heavy siltation has deposited a thick mud layer. Willows, Salix nigra, are found along most bank areas and on scat- tered islands throughout the lake. Large areas of granite and gravel bottom as well as water level fluctuations probably account for the scarcity of typical aquatics in Buchanan Lake. --- Page 2 --- quewges auy BuTnp suseutosds 166 Uo UOTZVMIOJUT PspTAcaAd SUOTP_OSTTOO ButQ.eN ‘I@A0D swoOS peptaord YOTUM WOTZEZSB9A OTPenbe 13IeM MAOTTSUS JO UOTSser1Z8e1 SuTZmMsar ayy pus singeredusy J9ZBA UT suTToOSep dieys auy o1 enp Atavqoid st sutToep stuy, -ATdzeyus peddozp seutas UT USYeQ STEAPTATpUT Jo AsquNU sYyy ASqUIaAON pue 19q0390 Jo sujUOw 314 ButTang ‘GG6T 280k 943 JO ssooons Buyumeds UST ATSATIBTOL © SOPLOTPUT YT ‘aseo 949% ST STUX JIT ‘6G66T jo Butads oy) Butanp pouseds arom Layy 4eUuy pewmserd Sst YT SsOYOUT SATI 04 se744 WOll SZTS UT pesuer ‘zequegdeg pue ‘“yen¥ny ‘ATE Batanp seutas ut uaye. sseq yortq YINoUSs1V[ YSU souUTS ‘LequNU Teo} UT YANO] poyuEL pue STENPTATPUT Qe UPTA [e204 ay3 jo queso aod 6€°¢ dn apew “saptompes sniaqdorstW ‘sseq youTa ujnowaszeT ‘KTSutstad ang *Te}0F 3syZ Jo queso asd €6°9 zo sueutosds 6TE UAT ‘enrTYyooroCU $Tuo0d o] ‘rTTZanTq ay} SBA JaqumMU_UT puossg ‘1equmu Te}0} sy Jo queso aed )),°2), 10 susempoads Gye SE soz peyuncose “unUETpSdes wllosOIOg ‘“peys prezzTB sy suemtosds poeutes 9093 JO ‘sotoods qe ZuTqueseider ‘suewtoads epg‘ Jo Te 04 eB ULTA Apngs IOI STENPTATPUT JO TSEqUMU 4YseBreT Ssyy peptaord Sututes I[][ etaqe], ut uaous sy ‘TILT StTaey, ut peqgussead st satoads jo ysttyseyo y ¢)¢ of weusyong eye] UT and90 04 UMOUY setToads Jo zSquMU TeIO} BY} BuTButsaq “QG6T “TE Arenuee yBnosyy CG6T ‘tT eune ‘potszed quemes ay, Butinp useye. area sotoeds of Jo [Te}02 VW SNOILOMTION HSTA ‘oyeT ay2 UT 1Nd90 04 UAMOUY MOU UST Jo setoads Aue 04 TeqUSMTI4Eep se ponszysSU09 aq PTO 4By} UeUPYoNG oye] UT PUNO 219M SUOTITPUOD TeMLTEyA 10 TeoTMSYD ON *SSoTISUNGTI4 SY} WO SUTBI 154UTA pus TTel Aavay 07 enp ATqeqord potzed queues sy4y PNoYUBno7yy pPtqin} 33tnb sea syeT ou, ‘T'Q Ueyy SsseT ATVUSBTTS JO Hd sBerseae ue YYTA 9°Q 04 9°), WoL peTzeaA SsyeyT ueuvyong Jo Hd euy, ‘go0TarsjITp eingersdws} eT4IITIT sous Arenuere Yyenoruy rzsequeqydseg Jo syjyuow ayy ynq ‘49eI OG pue souzans ay} US8KM}Z2q PUNOT SBM SoUeTIGA aInjeredusey azerepow se ysn#ny pue Atnpr BSuting ‘Azenuep ut "10S gO MOT & 0% YSNBny UT "1516 JO UsTU B Wory pesuer singeradwe, 197M ‘wdd sary wey e10u ATZUSTTS JO s#ersese uy yyta wdd 97 09 udd O WOIT PST1eA SPTXOTP UWoquvo peaTossTq ‘wid usaes oq 0} puNoy SBA USeBLKO POATOSSTp eBereae sul, ‘wdd sary} MoT ayy ‘mudd 4YusTe sem USTY ou 1V2eEeT CF Jo uadep e 4y -wdd - eutTu jo MOT @ oO} wdd eT Jo UsTY & WOT PSeTIeA soVjAnS sy4 4e USBAXO PsaTOSstg ‘T STaey, ut pequeserd st syyuow Aq 22q ‘UOTTT Ta aed sqzied UT pepr1o0de1 S12A SPTXOTP Uoqieo pseaToOSsTp pue USsBAXO PeaTOSSTp “4tTeyuS -1Yyeq SSe1Zep UT pepio0oss1 o18M Seinyeredusy ate pues 193emM *4983 0G Jo uydep umutxeu ec OF SoBjINS |Yy}. WOIT STSATSZUT Yea us}, Yeo USye, o10M soTdueg -YyQZUOM YORS pezhTeUe pue uoeye}) S10M seydures 1a}eM pues PSs}OSTSS O19M suUOTIeYS STduESs 1O7bA OM], SOILSTYGLOVEVAD TWOTNTHO ‘OHeT Sy) Jo svore TTe UT TaAo0d Pood sptaoid sqyool ACTTTAM pue ‘atqqna ‘s8utddoroqno yoor ‘sdumgg --- Page 3 --- ad 3 ; period. Table IV shows the number of individuals and per cent of total number for each species taken in gill nets. As in the seining collections, the gizzard shad, D. ceped- ianum, appears to be the most abundant, accounting for 37. 3h per cent of the total num- ber with 370 individuals. The second most abundant species taken was the river carp- sucker, Carpiodes carpio, with 19.07 per cent of the total and 189 individuals. The white bass, Morone chrysops, and channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were the most frequently taken game fish. M. chrysops made up 13.72 per cent cf the total number with 137 individuals and I. punctatus atus accounted for 13.92 per cent with 138. The number of pounds of fish netted per month, total weight, and per cent of weight are presented in Table V. The river carpsucker, Carpiodes carpio, contributed ibs highest percentage of total weight with 34.48 per cent and 309. 58 pounds. The smallmouth buffalo, Ictiobus bubalus, was second in total weight with 135. 82 pounds or 15.13 per cent of the total. All game fish accounted for 33.73 percent or 302.73 pounds. I. punctatus and M. chrysops provided the largest per cent of total weight with 13.70 per cent and 12.69 per cent respectively. Table VI shows netting success in terms of number and pounds of fish by months and net set. A higher return per net in both numbers and pounds of fish was obtained during the fall and winter months. Table VII gives information on gonadal development in the more important species of game fish. The information presented is based on records from only 329 individuals and is too small a sample for any significant conclusions. However, one interesting fact in the collected information is the presence of fish in the No. 3 or developing stage throughout the segment period. Although no ripe game fish were encountered after August 1, 1955, many species showed individuals in an advanced stage of sexual development throughout the fall and winter months. One rotenone collection was made on a small slough in Buchanan Lake on Jan- uary 25, 1966. The area treated comprised s surface acre with an average depth of six feet, making a total volume of three acre feet. It is believed that a complete kill was achieved, but few fish were taken. Four species were collected in the sample and as in the seining and netting collections the gizzard shad, D. cepedianum, accounted for the highest per cent of total numbers. Of 346 fish killed and collected, 310 individuals were gizzard shad. In addition, eight carp, Cyprinus carpio, two channel catfish, I. punctatus, and 26 spottail shiners, Notropis venustus, were collected. The treated area was evidently too shallow and provided insufficient cover to support a larger fish population. STOMACH ANALYSIS Although an effort was made to preserve stomachs of game fish for laboratory analysis, few stomachs were found to contain food. Either regurgitation or complete digestion left most stomachs completely empty or filled with water only. A total of 73 stomachs was examined for content but no volumes were taken. A frequency chart is presented in Table VIII, listing the contents of stomachs from 30 channel catfish, 33 white bass, and 10 Centrachid bass, representing eight largemouth and two spotted bass. All catfish stomachs found with vegetation, both algae and maize, were taken from juveniles under nine inches in length. The sixteen stomachs containing maize were taken from the same net, which was undoubtedly set over or near a "baited" area. --- Page 4 --- ATawer14x9 ue dn syew YsTtI yBnor ‘upeyo IaATY Operloqtog 944 uO soeyeT 19N30 UT sy SNOLLVGNWNNOORY LNW OVNV ‘ sqoyrem 33215 JO yno pus sexe], 4}ZOq 04 PTOS pue s1sqqzeu yoerqUOD Aq Baye, S19M OTeIING pue died jo spunod 00‘0g 1es0 ‘potuzad yuew%es ayy Butang ‘AT TeToTeWNIOD soueyrodwt suos JO oie pue yuepunge aytnb are dieo uesdoing pue oTejjngq YyQNoUwTTeUs ayy ‘uBueyong eye] UT qVueserd uotyetndod sseq ayTUM aBny ay} 1OJ eTqtsuodser qied sBieT ut Atqeqoad are pue seystj eBe10jl se etquntea AT \osrTput olB peys plezzts ‘ATTetToreumos quezrodwy ATZOSITP You YBNou,Ty “eyeT 2yuR Woy uexeq USTF Te107 B49 Jo yuso aad 6'69 AOI paqunooose 19430804 OTdied sepotTdie9 pues UMUetT -pedes ‘q ‘usueyong eye] ut yuepungqe fz9A ostTe are satoads aBeroy pue ysnoy ‘UST owes sTqe ~ITsap Jo uotTyetndod eBZr1eT & ‘quoddns ssop pue ‘jo etqedeo st ueueyong eyeT ‘1rec00 aTaqr -ytns pue settddns pooy tnjTqueTd ‘seare BZutumeds Teuotydsoxe sy4 Jo osneoog ‘SeUuSTI eBe10jy T9syVO Jo egequesred ysty sy} pue uotTzeTndod peys yuepunge ayy z0J squnoooe ATqeqord K¢TTTyIAI STUL ‘STTI1ey ATUSTY SYST sy. 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JO peay au 0} sAcM USTs 943 Se [Tady TT}uUN ToqUIeAOH[ Wor spew are sseq a4TYA Jo seyojRo |aBreT ‘S84Se4 [T@ Aol Butysty eptaord ystjuns jo setoads sa1yy pue ‘etdderzo oyTUM ‘sseq YyoeTq ‘YSsTszeo Teuueyo ‘sseq syTuUM ‘azeek ayy ynousnoryA ATaaTsusyxsS peysTy ST sye{T syy pue poos AT4USeYsTsuod ST oye] uPuBYyONgG uO BuTysTs 410dg NOISSNOSIC “TENPTATPUT eYyi JO YZNOW 9yy wWory pepnijzoid s{[tey peys ‘peyqnT# os arom TeleAes STTUM ‘peys suO UeYyy azoW UTe{UOD oF PuUNoJ SIS8M sYyoRUOYS Ssey, Jo AuUBW ‘UsuLTaYySTI yrods Aq suoods ASaTIS uo yUusNed STENPTATPUT WoL Usye, s1eM OF ‘PSUTUeXS sYyoRWOYS sseq ayTyM CF eYy JO --- Page 5 --- high percentage of the total population. In Lake Buchanan rough fish, including shortnose gar, gizzard shad, smallmouth buffalo, river carpsucker, carp, freshwater drum, and Rio Grande perch accounted for 71.9 per cent of the total individuals taken in both nets and seines and 66.3 per cent of the total weight of netted specimens. It is doubtful whethercontract netters appreciably reduce the over population of rough fish in the lake. Although a high percentage of the productivity of the lake is utilized in the production of undesirable fish species, no means of eradication or control seem feasible at this time. SUMMARY Lake Buchanan, an impoundment of approximately one million acre feet, located in the hill country near Burnet, Texas, was inventoried for species present and approx- imate relative abundance of these species. Seines, gill nets, and rotenone were used in collecting specimens and rough fish were found to dominate the total collections, both in weight and numbers in all three sampling techniques. Game fish were plentiful and in excellent condition, probably due to the abundance of forage fishes present in the lake. No adverse thermal or chemical conditions were found in the water samples analyzed and no evidence of pollution was found. Lake Buchanan is an excellent iake for sports fishermau, with good catches of game fish taken the year around, but from evidence gathered, a high percentage of lake fertility is spent on rough fish which have little or no commercial or sport value. --- Page 6 --- zB g 6°L 0S 9S o€ g y 0'g 0S 9S 02 T g 0°S 0S 9S OT a0ery 6 T'g 0S 9S T 9S6T “Se Arenuer € S 0'9 6S 9S Ov rf o'g 9S 9% of S081} ZT 6°L GS 96 02 eoBl4y ot 6°) HS 9S T GS6T ‘TT Tequecag g g 6°L 29 69 o€ t b Leh €9 69 02 € g el €9 69 OT a0el4 OT QL +9 69 T GG6T ‘6 1equsaoN H L 6°L, ol 08 On € g o'g él, 08 o€ T 6 gr. ol, 0g 02 20BI4 OT T'S +, 0g oT 20814 OT T'S GL og T GG6T ‘Se 1990390 re 9 o’g Te 46 0S 0 9 S°8 ats; 46 On ) 9 S°8 Te 46 ot 0 9 48 18 46 0g 6) 1 ran) Te +6 OT 0 6 €°9 rs8) +6 T GG6T ‘9 taquieydeg OT Fs g°L QL 46 0S TT ry Tg 0g 46 On 6 € T'S 12 +6 o£ G 4 T'S SQ +6 02 30874 Qg 2°98 98 46 OT e0e14 OT 4°98 T6 +6 T GG6T “€ ysneny +T zZ 6°) LL 06 0S OT 2 fobae) 0g 06 On et € Tg 08 06 o€ H 2°9 ie) 06 02 90814 6 2°9 19 06 oT a0el4 Zt 9°8 06 06 T GS6T ‘et AtToL wdd wdd a dey 792g Z09 Zo Hd ‘dual. - dwsy, UT 1a}eM ITV yydeq 6 f ‘9G6T Axenuer yBnoryy GG6T Aine ‘sTskTeuy 189eM eyeyT UeMeYyong “T eTABL --- Page 7 --- Table 2. Checklist of Species Found to Occur in Buchanan Lake. Scientific Name Lepisosteus platostomus Dorosoma, cepedianum Astyanax fasciatus ictiobus bubalus Carpliodes carpio Noxostoma congestum Cyprinus carpio Opsopoeodus emiliae* Notropis oxyrhynchus* Notropis brazosensis* Notropis venustus Notropis lutrensis Notropis deliciosus* Notropis volucellus Hybognathus nuchalis* Pimephales vigilax Campostoma anomalum* ictalurus punctatus Pilodictus olivaris Fundulus notatus Gambusia affinis Mugii cephalus* Morone chrysops Micropterus punctulatus Micropterus treculi Micropterus salmoides Chaenobryttus coronarius Lepomis cyanellus Lepomis microlophus Lepomis macrochirus Lepomis humilis* Lepomis auritus Lepomis megalotis Pomoxis annularis Percina caprodes Aplodinotus grunniens Cichlasoma cyanoguttata * Species taken in segment period December 1, 1954 through May 30, 1955, but not taken in this segment period. Common Name shortnose gar gizzard shad tetra smallmouth buffalo river carpsucker gray redhorse sucker carp pugnose minnow sharpnose shiner Brazos River shiner spottail redhorse shiner sand shiner mimic shiner silvery minnow parrot minnow stoneroller channel catfish yellow catfish blackstripe topminnow common mosquitofish striped mullet white bass Kentucky spotted bass Texas spotted bass largemouth black bass warmouth green sunfish redear sunfish bluegill orangespotted sunfish yellowbelly sunfish longear sunfish white crappie logperch freshwater drum Rio Grande perch --- Page 8 --- ° “eyezgnZoueso ‘sopordeo sTieqTnuue ST]SOTesom SNITYooOL9 Bul ‘snydoToro Tu snTTeusio SNTIEUOLIOS “sapToures TTmMosr4 snj}etnzound ‘sdoskayo STUTIJ®B snye7.0u snjejyouna XOTISTA SNT TOON TOA CNDODOUNDSDOSCOCORHONRCOOOHSOOSO . ° AISI sSisisrslolaahahalateateos NI ° ° WNooomn+tOOrK ery BNO ot Cd Eee Go I= © eq isa) ow * ° ee) eq °o 2 . NONDADHAOWONO ct ca an NI Keowee) VER \O 8 4 al wv cl WY o =) ae) 3s a snjsnuea “Nf ~_ordzep snupsdip OTdaes SapoTdiep SnyeToOsesl "VY umuerpede) -¢ snwo1soyeTd °*T . O00n,FTOOOOMOON MHANANOONTAANOOHAAANST st NAtDA wy AHAOOtHAOAA tk —<t iva) ine) ON N — rc aAMreOotrtOttdOnHOOW \O qo LN GZ SCACBMO oo OM ONMDOHAODOOHOO © a oO 0 ) 4 S 6 - de T ¢° e S 4 G 0: 0 0: 0° 3: S fo) T 0 ds 20 OHODOONDOVDODOCOOCONDMH HAH HOOOT+TO0OM9O ea ray OP oe BE IN wal at et raqumy jo % Te10], asqMeAoN 19qQ0990 saquieydeg qsngny ATL aun satoeds usty ‘C6G6T TequeAoN YBnoryy GG6T eune ‘aye] Weueyong Worg seuteg UT USeyeL setoeds jo r1equny °¢€ aTqeL 8 --- Page 9 --- 9. Table 4. Number of Specimens Taken by Gill Nets from Buchanan Lake, June 1955 thrcugh December 1955. Fish Species June July August September October November December Total 4% of Number So L. platostomus D. “cepedianum I. bubalus Carpiodes carpio -10 M. _congestum Cyprinus carpio. I. punctatus olivaris| chrysops - punctulatus treculi salmoides cyanellus macrochirus auritus annularis - grunniens ON NOFWOOWMO NW Q ww 4 ee W Or MO OW MOK Ww our Oo . kK (o) £& i wi wn be WOWOOOW)]O pa WO Ww WRENLSER ES bh OrRPNMAFrF O he Ne) i FHNOWODOODOOFRFNNO py) Ww = ro Lav) £ be DOOM ONDOWO FF O Ww S| Orn W a M. M. a rey ANKE Ono FOoOOWNOOO FF OWOWOOrFO i> od Ww ~-ONOODCRFOOWMNOWNE ~_ONOKDOFNO Rr ONOWON NW Re 100.00 --- Page 10 --- 10. Table 5. Pounds of Each Fish Species Taken by Gill Nets From Buchanan Lake June 1955 through December 1955. ‘Fish Species July August September October November December L. platostomus 25.94 D. cepedianun 7.69 » bubalus 15.63 Carpiodes carpio 15.88 . congestum Q.00 rinus carpio 63 punctatus 15.06 olivaris 5.25 chrysops 0.00 punctulatus treculi salmoides cyanellus macrochirus _ auritus annularis grunniens : M. M . p> fro ies ter tts te is (178.77 a --- Page 11 --- taqueseq Laquaaocy 1890390 jJequeqydses asnany Ayar VON JO ‘dq sed en /UusTtd VON JO 4d = you/usTy qugneg 6 queneD) = 98 ON 2425 Ustad °SQT *“SqT ‘ON usta °ON JequUMN USTY "SQT UYStd JO 4oog FO Syen fo ‘ON eBeraay @BeISAY SSBISAY SBeISAY Zequny zequNyT Jaequny Iaquny "GG6T Tsquisseq Yysnoiyy Go6T sung ‘YsTyY Jo spunog pue AsqUMy! JO SWId], UT SUTIISN TITO FO sseoong “9 eTqBL “TT --- Page 12 --- le. Table 7. Gonadal Development, by Month, for the More Important Species of Game Fish in Buchanan Lake (Based on 329 Individuals). July August September October November December I. punctatus 1,3,4,5 3,5 . Olivaris . chrysops - salmoides - punctulatus . treculi annularis Explanation of symbols: : Ripe, in spawning condition. Nearly ripe. Sexes distinguishable but gonads not well developed. Gonads not developed, sexes not easily distinguishable. Spent, fish gonads empty. * » No individuals taken or examined. --- Page 13 --- Table VIII Results of Stomach Analysis, Lake Buchanan, June, 1955 through January, 1956. WHITE BASS (33 stomachs) unknown fish 96.96 & shad CHANNEL CATFISH (30 stomachs) fish remains fish eggs catfish unknown insect BLACK BASS (salmuoides & treculi) (10 stomachs) fish remains --- Page 14 --- Pe : - wate os “ . er ee ee rons Sings PN aoe aera dest tt ET Hays - See Cgerorgeat aet ; ~ { ¢ 7 i " 4 baad a > - “ ° : 4 e { } . . = 4 = . e 4 * + Rag ee - > * ' , . oa . * at --- Page 15 --- | ce ae LUM LAKE Beaper Creek LEAGLYVO NETTING SITES 223 SEINING AREAS Wi WATER ANALYSIS STATIONS > UN ROTENONE COLL. TU --- Page 16 --- - + y . « . apes