TPWD 1973 F-2-R-20 #1506: Region 2-B Fisheries Studies: The Effects of a Thermal Effluent on Decker Lake, Project F-2-R-20, Job B-27

--- Page 1 --- > ? JOB PROGRESS REPORT Lips As required by FEDERAL AID IN FISHERIES RESTORATION ACT TEXAS Federal Aid Project F-2-R-20 Region 2-B FISHERIES STUDIES Job B-27, The Effects of a Thermal Effluent on Decker Lake Project Leader: Darrell W. Butler Clayton T. Garrison Executive Director Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Austin, Texas Lonnie Peters Robert J. Kemp, Director Chief, Inland Fisheries Fish and Wildlife Division May 29) 1973 --- Page 3 --- PROGRESS REPORT State: Texas Name: Region 2-B Fisheries Studies Project: _F-2-R-20 Title: The Effects of a Thermal Effluent on Decker Lake Job No. B-27 Period Covered: February 1, 1972 to January 31, 1973 . P. S. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of a substantial thermal effluent on the seasonal criteria of Decker Lake, Travis County, Texas. SEGMENT OBJECTIVES: 1. To review the existing literature relative to the effects of a thermal effluent on aquatic life. 2. To determine the seasonal changes in the important physical, chemical, and biotic parameters of the waters of Decker Lake. PROCEDURES : 1. Literature relative to the effects of thermal discharges on aquatic life was reviewed. 2. Bi-monthly netting surveys were conducted using 150-feet experimental gill nets to provide information relative to fish composition by weight and number, fish distribution, and sexual development. 3. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, alkalinity, and specific conductance were measured monthly at seven stations. Water samples were collected from the surface and bottom at each station. 4, Benthos samples were collected monthly using a 6 inch x 6 inch Ekman dredge in an attempt to correlate temperature change with species diversity. Samples were collected across four transects of the lake, each transect comprised of eight samples. The samples were strained through a U. S. #30 sieve and preserved in 80% alcohol for future identification. 5. The lake was visually surveyed for outcrops of vegetation. RESULTS AND FINDINGS: To date, the data previously collected has not been analyzed, but merely tabulated. The data will be statistically analyzed and compiled in the final report. --- Page 4 --- Temperatures were measured at each station at five foot intervals. Figures 1-4 illustrate the temperatures during the past segment from February to January. It should be noted that no heated discharge was carried out until April although discharges did occur prior to December of the previous segment. The figures compare stations in the discharge arm with its counterpart in the intake arm of approximately the same depth. Benthic collections have been tabulated in Table 1 of this report as to the numbers of each of the different species per square foot. Efforts will be made to statistically analyze this data in the final report. Table II and III represent the annual totals of the gill net surveys. Table II lists the total fish collected in the discharge area and Table III the total in the intake area of the lake. This data will be later tabulated further for the final report. Attempts will be made to correlate fish distribution with the heated effluent at different times of the year. Water quality data have been collected but have not been tabulated at this time. The food habit study originally planned for this objective could not be carried out due to the time required to undertake such a study. This time was not available because of time devoted to other project work. A few plankton samples were collected during this segment but it was felt that little could be learned with the time and manpower that could be devoted to this study and the limited data that could be collected. Therefore, these collections were eliminated so the time could be utilized on other portions of this study and other project jobs. It was expected that productivity could be measured through the use of the carbon-14 method. However, the equipment could not be obtained and any other method would have proven too time consuming or unreliable. Background information concerning the locations of sampling sites can be reviewed in Dingell-Johnson Progress Report F-2-R-19, Job B-27. RECOMMENDATIONS : Although this objective has suffered as a result of a shortage of time, manpower, and equipment, it is felt that valuable information concerning the effects of a heated discharge of this magnitude upon a lake of this size has been collected. However, since only a small portion of the study period included times of no thermal discharge, it is doubtful that a comparison can be made between periods before and after the introduction of a thermal effluent. For this reason it is recommended that field collections be terminated in June, 1973 after two years of data have been collected and a final report prepared comparing those areas under thermal influence with those out of the thermal influence of the discharge. Prepared by: _Project Leader Approved by: Darrell W. Butler D-J Coordinator Date: May 29, 1973 R. L. Bounds Region 2 Inland Fisheries Director --- Page 5 --- Months Months FMAMJS JAS ON DJ oF MAMI JASON DJ 100 90} 80 7) wu «| 70 uw’ 70 A ® a o oy bo @ - t°7) te rT) a G a) S 60) 60h— 50 —— Hon 50 40 AO . Station | Station Vil O ft. eee 15 ft. Figure 1. Annual change in temperature at the discharge, Station I, and the intake, Station VII. --- Page 6 --- Months FMAMJSIJAS ON D J Months FMAMJJASON D J 100 ? 100 90ke——- : ne 90 80} 80 “= 70 us 70 “A “ ct) ° ® 2 fs) = ® 3 me) 60k fe . 60 40 40 Station Il Station VI O ft. - =~ + ~~-25 ft. Figure 2. Annual change in temperature at Station II and VI. --- Page 7 --- Months Months 1 FMAM JJAS ON D J 100 ——_M_ AM J J AS ON D J eee 3 degrees F. 60 Station (Il Station V (0) ft. . ~---------35 ff. Figure 3. Annual change in temperature at Station III and V. --- Page 8 --- —_— wwe Months FMAM JSIJIAS ON DJ 100 90}-——~ - 80 >| © degrees F 60 40: Station IV ——— 0 ft. ----- — 60 ft. Figure 4.“ Annual change in temperature at Station IV. --- Page 9 --- TABLE I BENTHIC COLLECTIONS Decker Lake SCARCE a Transect_T Transect II Transect III Transect IV No./ft.* No. /£t.? No. /£t.? No. /£t.? Hexagenia sp. 14.63 Chaoborus sp. 72.58 Hexagenia sp. 11.63 Hexagenia sp. 23.38 Winter Tendipes sp. 3.00 Tendipes sp. 13.75 Chaborus sp. 7.38 Pentaneura sp. 2.38 1971-72 Other 2.87 Other 7,00 Tendipes sp. 4,50 Other 3.24 Other 1.74 Hexagenia sp. 6.50 Chaoborus sp. 23.88 Hexagenia sp. 5.75 Hexagenia sp. 19.42 Spring Pentaneura sp. 3.75 Tendipes sp. 5.12 Chaoborus sp. 18.75 Chaoborus sp. 6.93 1972 Other 2.7/5 Other 3.63 Tendipes sp. 4.50 Pentaneura sp. 3.20 Other 5.88 Other 2,27 Hexagenia sp. 45.45 Hexagenia sp. 11.22 Hexagenia sp. 25.25 Hexagenia sp. 19.42 Summer Chaoborus sp. 51.00 Chaoborus sp. 24.87 Chaoborus sp. 13.83 Chaoborus sp. 18.50 1972 Other 6.28 Other 2.95 Other 2.67 Gammarus sp. 9.00 Other 2.25 Hexagenia sp. 6.92 Gammarus sp. 11.00 Hexagenia sp. 3.58 Hexagenia sp. 7,98 Fall Chaoborus sp. 21.33 Chaoborus sp. 37.17 Chaoborus sp. 54.33 Chaoborus sp. 54.33 1972 Other 5.25 Other 6.50 Other 4,67 Other 8.42 Hexagenia sp. 6.40 Chaoborus sp. 64.67 Hexagenia sp. 2.00 Hexagenia sp. 5.00 Winter Chaoborus sp. 19.60 Nematoda 5.20 Chaoborus sp. 24.67 Chaoborus sp. 14.25 1972-73 Other 9.20 Hydra ss 2.67 Other 5.60 Other 4.25 Other 2.79 --- Page 10 --- TABLE II Decker Lake Netting Data (Hot Side) 1972 Per Cent Per Cent by by Species Number Number Weight Weight Lepisosteus oculatus 1 .09 0.44 .03 Ictiobus bubalus 30 2.56 384.62 27.67 Cyprinus carpio 54 4.61 129.16 9.29 Carpiodes carpio 8 - 68 36.44 2.62 Dorosoma cepedianum 211 18.00 111.81 8.04 Ictalurus melas 8 .68 2.26 . 16 Ictalurus natalis 44 3.75 16.19 . 1.16 Ictalurus punctatus - £37 11.69 480.61 34.58 Ictalurus furcatus 1 . .09 16.88 1.21 Notemigonus crysoleucas 94 8.02 19.66 1.41 Pomoxis annularis 10 .85 13.32 .96 Micropterus salmoides 49 4.18 70.78 5.09 Morone chrysops 2 .18 5.06 .36 Lepomis microlophus 134 11.43 54.38 3.91 Chaenobryttus cyanellus 21 1.19 4.40 .33 Lepomis megalotis 45 3.84 5.83 43 Lepomis macrochirus 322 27.47 37.21 2.68 Moxostoma congestum 1 .09 1.00 .07 nn dt Total 1172 100.00 1390.05 100.00 --- Page 11 --- -9- TABLE IIT Decker Lake Netting Data (Cold Side) 1972 Per Cent Per Cent by by . Species Number Number Weight Weight Ictiobus bubalus 13 1.40 198.27 22.87 Cyprinus carpio _ 46 4.97 55.25 6.37 Carpiodes carpio 9 97 34.33 3.96 Dorosoma cepedianum 103 11.12 60.80 7.01 Ictalurus melas 11 1.19 4.30 -50 Ictalurus natalis 40 4.32 14.10 1.63 Ictalurus punctatus 86 9.. 29 324.16 37.40 Notemigonus crysoleucas 71 7.67 14.87 1.72 Pomoxis annularis 7 .76 8.94 1.03 Micropterus salmoides 36 3.89 47.26 5.45 Lepomis microlophus 111 11.99 29.16 3.36 Chaenobryttus cyanellus 58 6.26 10.26 1.18 Lepomis megalotis 49 5.29 6.57 .76 Lepomis macrochirus 283 30.56 30.57 3.53 Lepisosteus osseus 3 32 28.00 3.23 Total 926 100.00 866.84 100.00 Se ESSENSE