TPWD 1975 F-6-R-22 #1656: Region 2-C Fisheries Studies: Fisheries Management, Federal Aid Project F-6-R-22
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PERFORMANCE REPORT
As Required By
FEDERAL AID IN FISHERIES RESTORATION ACT
TEXAS
Federal Aid Project F-6-R-22
Region 2-C Fisheries Studies
Objective I: Fisheries Management
Project Leader: Roger L. McCabe
Assistant Project Leader: Kenneth K. Sellers
Clayton T. Garrison
Executive Director
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
Lonnie J. Peters Robert J. Kemp
Chief, Inland Fisheries Director, Fish and Wildlife
November 18, 1974
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ABSTRACT
Recommended changes in fish harvest regulations, based on biological data,
were presented at public hearings and were approved by the Texas Parks and
Wildlife Commission.
Fishery management surveys were conducted on Lakes Waco (McLennan County),
and Proctor (Comanche County). Other survey work was done on Lakes Belton (Bell
County), Stillhouse Hollow (Bell County), and Waco for walleye evaluation
purposes. Data from all field work were compiled and used to determine management
needs on each lake visited.
Predator game fish were stocked in the following waters in 1974: Lake Belton,
Lake Waco, Lake Stillhouse Hollow, Lake Whitney (Hill and Bosque Counties), Lake
Brelsford (Eastland County), Lake Tucker (Palo Pinto County), Cleburne State Park
Lake (Johnson County), and Marlin City Lake (Falls County).
Stockings of predator game fish and/or forage species are recommended on Lakes
Whitney, Stillhouse Hollow, Waco, and Brownwood (Brown County).
Past survey data, physical and descriptive data, and public access information
were used to assess management needs and to prepare a five year plan for all U, S.
Army Corps of Engineers impoundments in Region 2-C. Recommended management procedures
were outlined for Lakes Proctor, Waco, Stillhouse Hollow, Belton, Whitney, and
Hords Creek (Coleman County).
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PERFORMANCE REPORT
State: Texas Project Number: F-6-R-22
Project Title: Region 2-C Fisheries Studies
Project Section: Research and Surveys
Study Title: Fisheries Management
Contract Period: From January 1, 1974 To December 31, 1974
Program Narrative Objective No.: 9
Objective: To situate fishery management practices in waters of Fisheries Region
o-C, (1) Harvest regulations (2) Fish stocking (3) Fish control (4)
Pollution investigations (5) Vegetation control (6) Fisherman access
needs.
I. Job Segment Objectives:
A. Job No. 9 Objectives:
1. To recommend fish harvest regulations to the Texas Parks and Wildlife
Commission.
2, To recommend stocking rates of newly constructed or renovated waters
and for waters having established fish populations but lacking favor-
able species composition.
3. To recommend population control measures.
h., To monitor physicochemical characteristics and investigate incidents
of pollution and/or fish die-offs.
5. To determine vegetation control needs.
6. To determine public access needs.
II. Summary of progress:
Fish harvest regulations, based on biological data and field observations,
were formulated and discussed at a meeting of game wardens and biologists be-
fore presentation to the public at hearings in all counties under Regulatory
Authority. The proposals were then forwarded to the Texas Parks and Wildlife
Commission for approval.
No public lakes were renovated and no new lakes were constructed during the
year. Management surveys, walleye evaluation work and supplementary field
data were used to fulfill objectives 2 through 6. No incidences of pollu-
tion were reported to this project; therefore, no investigations were necessary.
No vegetation problems were encountered during the segment. Public access needs
were noted in conjunction with other activities on all lakes visited.
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Fisheries management surveys, conducted in the spring, included gill netting,
marginal seining, and water profile analyses. Permanent sampling stations
were established for each sampling method. The number of sites selected was
proportional to each lake's size. One standard experimental gill net (150
feet long and 8 feet deep with l-inch to 3 1/2-inch graduated mesh) was set
over night at each station. Seining consisted of two 50-foot drags at each
site with a bag seine (26 feet long and 6 feet deep with 1/4-inch mesh).
Water samples were taken with a Kemmerer Model 1200 sampler. A profile of
samples were taken at l-meter intervals from the surface to the bottom of the
lake. Analyses were done using a Hach DR-EL Portable Engineers Laboratory, a
YSI Model 51-A oxygen-temperature meter, a YSI Model 33 specific conductivity
meter, and two 1,000 ml Imhoff cones.
Gill net collections were separated by species, counted, and bulk weighed.
All game fishes and a representative sample of other species were weighed and
measured individually. Data were compiled to determine species composition,
relative abundance, average weight, and catch per unit of effort. Seine
collections were keyed and separated by species, divided into inch classes,
and counted. The catch per unit of effort was calculated for each species.
Temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured on all water profile samples.
Surface, middle and bottom samples were also tested to determine pH, turbi-
dity, total alkalinity, settleable solids, and specific conductivity (adjust-
ed to 25 deg. C). Secchi disc transparency and climatic conditions were
recorded each time profiles were taken. Data were compiled and tabluated for
comparitive purposes.
Walleye evaluation procedures were implemented on Lake Belton to aid in de-
fining the reservoir and in determining some of the more important ecologi-
cal conditions which contribute to using walleye introductions as a success-—
ful management practice. The major areas of investigation included:
1. Spawning observations - to determine gonadal conditions and spawning
success of walleye.
2, Seine samples - to determine the capture per unit of effort and
relative strength of O age fish.
3. Categorization (cove rotenone samples) - to estimate the standing
crop and species composition of fishes in reservoirs stocked with
walleye.
4. Vegetation cover - to categorize the major vegetation types in reser-
voirs stocked with walleye.
5. Age and growth - to compare growth of walleye in reservoirs of
different physicochemical characteristics.
6. Young of the year walleye survival - to determine growth of young
of the year walleye and other age groups of walleye in the reservoir.
7. Physicochemical - to monitor physicochemical characteristics which
may contribute to the success of walleye introductions.
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-3-
Equipment and procedures used to conduct fisheries management surveys were
also used to obtain the above information. Frame netting, electroshocking,
and cove rotenone sampling were also used. Frame nets (4-foot by 6-foot
frames with l-inch mesh and a 40-foot lead) were set in March and April to
determine walleye growth. Supplemental information was obtained with an
electroshocking boat equipped with a McCullough Model 3000 (110/220 volt A/C,
3,000 watt) generator. Physicochemical and seining data were acquired on
Lakes Belton and Waco. Seining collections were also made on Lake Stillhouse
Hollow. Notes were made on vegetation types and abundance on all three lakes.
In addition to the water profile analyses mentioned for management surveys,
quarterly tests were run by the regional chemist to determine concentrations
of nitrates, phosphates, and total dissolved solids; sulfates were run by
project personnel.
A species checklist was prepared for Lakes Belton, Stillhouse Hollow, Waco and
Proctor (Table 1). Scientific and common names are from Special Publication
No. 65 A List of Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States
and Canada )Third Edition), a publication of the American Fisheries Society.
Regulatory hearings attended by project personnel are listed in Table 2.
Changes in fish harvest regulations affecting Region 2-C were:
1. A change in the flathead catfish daily bag limit from twenty-five
(25) to five (5) and possession limit from fifty (50) to ten (10).
2. Prohibiting the removal of game fish eggs from public waters.
3. Removal of the 10-inch minimum size on largemouth, smallmouth and
spotted black bass.
4. Adding coho salmon and kamloops trout to the list of trout which
have a daily bag limit of five (5) and possession limit of ten (10).
>. Prohibiting the use of "any hand-operated device under water designed
to snag fish, commonly called (noodling) poles or gaffs other than
the ones permitted under Article 4050 C-1 of the revised civil sta-
tute."
6. Requiring any net used in the public waters by sports fishermen to
be identified by a legible tag constructed of a material as durable
as the net, bearing the name and address of the fisherman and the
date it was set out.
The proposed changes, along with tape recordings of each hearing, were re—
viewed by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Commission. The Statewide Hunting,
Fishing and Trapping Proclamation No. A-2, 1974-75, was approved on April 29,
1974.
Three coves, totaling 5 acres, were selected to be rotenoned on Lake Belton to
estimate the standing crop. The area of each cove was measured using a plane
table. Depth soundings were recorded to determine the volume and average
depth of each cove. Block-off nets (3/4+inch pogy net) were stretched across
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wiles
the cove and floated above the surface on the afternoon preceding treatment.
At approximately 10:00 P. M., the net was lowered to block the mouth of the
cove. KElectroshocking, seining, and frame netting were implemented to cap-
ture approximately 100 fish and tagging. The fish were measured, tagged with
a Floy tagging gun, and put into the cove to determine the recovery rate. At
approximately 8:00 A. M., 5% liquid rotenone was applied at a concentration
sufficient to cause a total kill. Fish were picked up on the day of applica-
tion and on the following day. All tagged fish returns were separated by
species and inch class during both fish recovery days. Inch classes were
designated as follows: inch group I, 0-1.49 inches; inch class II, 1.49-2.5
inches; inch class III, 2.49-3.5 inches; etc. All recoveries were separated
by species and inch classes, counted and bulk weighed. On the second day,
numbers of fish in each inch class were recorded, but no weights were taken.
Data from each cove were later compiled and standing crop was calculated.
Lake Belton (Bell County), initially stocked with walleye in 1973, received
and additional 327,000 fry in 1974. Walleye were introduced in Lake Waco
(McLennan County) with the stocking of 138,000 fry. Lake Stillhouse Hollow
(Bell County) received initial stockins of both walleye and smallmouth bass.
An estimated 150,000 walleye fry were stocked with about 20% mortality.
Approximately 100,000 smallmouth bass were stocked with 50% mortality. Lake
Whitney (Hill and Bosque counties). originally stocked with striped bass in
1973, received supplemental stockings of 230,000 fingerlings this year. Two-
inch fingerling northern pike were stocked in Brelsford Lake (Eastland County) ,
Lake Tucker (Palo Pinto County), Cleburne State Park Lake (Johnson County),
and Marlin City Lake (Falls County). Stocking mortalities were at less than
5h.
Management recommendations were prepared for all U. S. Corps of Engineers
reservoirs in Region 2-C. The five year management plan included proposals
on Lakes Whitney, Waco, Belton, Stillhouse Hollow, Hords Creek and Proctor.
Project members attended a meeting for the investigation and evaluation of
fish and wildlife resources of the Big Creek Watershed (Limestone, Falls and
McLennan counties). The meeting included Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
fisheries and wildlife biologists, U. S. Soil Conservation Service personnel,
and Bureau of Sports Fisheries and Wildlife personnel. The group conducted
cursory field investigations and contributed to a preliminary report describ-
ing the existing fish and wildlife habitat and estimating the possible impacts
of pending flood control proposals.
Fishery management and walleye evaluation data were combined to determine
management needs. Information on vegetation types and abundance were com-
piled and are presented in Table 3. Survey results are discussed below under
the heading of each lake visited.
Lake Belton
Belton Reservoir lies within Bell County and is supplied by the Leon River.
It was impounded in 1954 and its level was raised in 1973 to increase its area
to 12,300 acres. It is a deep, clear, oligotrophic lake, and most of its 136
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mile shoreline is bordered by steep rock bluffs. The lake has several large,
shallow, sand and gravel beaches, and rock rip-rap is present along the earth-
fill dam.
All work done on the lake was associated with walleye evaluation surveys or
with a lake categorization study (Job 10). Locations of sampling stations and
cove rotenone sites are shown in Figure 1.
A total of 2h gill nets were set in April, May and September. A high catch
per unit of effort was noted for numbers of gizzard shad, river carpsucker,
longnose gar, and white bass (Table 4). The catch per unit of effort (by
weight) was dominated by longnose gar, smallmouth buffalo, river carpsucker,
and carp. Channel catfish and white bass were well represented in the net
catches. Other native game fish, captured in smaller numbers, included spotted
bass, flathead catfish and white crappie. 1
Three walleye were taken in April
and May which ranged from 0.8 pounds to 1.1 pounds, and one was taken in Sep-
tember which weighed 1.0 pounds.
Frame netting results (Table 5) show the catch per unit of effort of bluegills,
gray redhorse, and white bass was high. Gray redhorse numbers were also high
in the electroshocking catch (Table 6). By weight, gray redhorse, gizzard
shad, white bass, and carp dominated the sample.
Seining surveys were done each month from April through September. A total
of 24 species was taken during the year and seining was productive at all
stations (Table 7). Good numbers of forage species such as threadfin shad,
spottail shiners, and Mississippi silversides were collected. The following
game fishes were taken during seining activities: spotted bass, largemouth
bass, channel catfish, flathead catfish, and white bass.
Three coves (totaling 5 acres) were rotenoned to estimate the standing crop.
Based on the return on tagged fishes, a 62% recovery was calculated. The
unadjusted standing crop for the lake was 2,840.50 fish per acre; by weight,
the standing crop was 250.69 pounds per acre. Estimates of standing crop by
individual species can be found in Table 8. Two walleye were recovered during
rotenone pickups, but both were outside the cove barriers. The fish weighed
approximately 1.5 pounds each; their total lengths were 400mm and 05rmm.
Both fish were from the 1973 stocking, as was verified by scale readings.
Monthly water analyses results from lower and mid-lake stations are shown in
Tables 9 through 12. Thermal stratification occurred in August and September ;
however, definite limits of a thermocline could not be established. Test
results were similar for both sampling sites and no problems were observed
during the segment.
Lake Stillhouse Hollow
Stillhouse Hollow Reservoir (Bell County) was impounded in 1968 and is sup-
plied by the Lampasas River. It covers 6,430 acres and has 58 miles of shore-
line. The lower portion of the lake is bordered by steep rock bluffs and rock
rip-rap lines the dam. The upper portion of the lake is rocky with several
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shallow sandy beaches. Walleye and smallmouth bass were introduced into the
lake in 1974. Other important game species are channel catfish, flathead
catfish, largemouth bass, spotted bass, white bass, and white crappie.
Seining surveys were carried out in June, August and September. Figure 2
shows locations of sampling sites. No walleye were recovered and only one
smallmouth bass was recaptured during the year (Table 13). The catch per unit
of effort was relatively low for most species. Mississippi silverside were
abundant and far outnumbered other fishes; 77% of this species were taken at
station 8 on the upper end of the lake. Potemogeton sp., Chara sp., and
Najas sp. became abundant during summer months as the lake's water level drop-
ped. Due to the re-filling of the lake, these species were not found at any
seining stations during the September survey.
Lake Waco
Lake Waco, impounded in 1929, is located on the Bosque River in McLennan
County. The construction of a new dam was completed in 1965, increasing the
lake area to 7,270 acres. Most of the 60 mile shoreline consists of rapidly
sloping sand and clay beaches. A high rate of sedimentation has been obser-
ved since impoundment causing high turbidity in this shallow reservoir.
Dominant game fish are flathead catfish and white crappie. Walleye were in-
torduced in 1974. Since no recoveries have been made since the stocking, no
information has been obtained to indicate growth rates or survival.
A fishery management survey was conducted in May, and supplemental data were
acquired from seining and water sampling conducted according to walleye
evaluation procedures. Figure 3 shows locations of sampling sites.
Gill net catches were dominated by gizzard shad, smallmouth buffalo, and river
carpsucker (Table 14). Small numbers of channel catfish, flathead catfish,
white bass, white crappie, black crappie, largemouth bass, and spotted bass
were netted. White crappie (by number) and flathead catfish (by weight) were
the most abundant game fishes taken.
Three seining surveys (May, July and September) were conducted during the seg-
ment. The catch per unit of effort was low for most species but adequate for-
age numbers were indicated for the lake (Table 15). Large numbers of thread-
fin shad, red shiners, and juvenile gizzard shad were taken. Game fishes
collected included flathead catfish, channel catfish, largemouth bass, spotted
bass, and white crappie.
Water profile data was acquired from March through September and is presented
in Tables 16 through 19. No water samples were taken in August due to time
required to accomplish field activities on other reservoirs. Turbidity was
high most of the year. Nitrate concentrations were higher than those found
on other reservoirs worked this segment. Other readings were considered nor-
mal. No thermocline was established during the sampling period.
Lake Proctor
This 4,610 acre lake was impounded in 1963 and is located in Comanche County.
It is supplied by the Leon River and is relatively shallow and turbid. Most
of the 38 mile shoreline is gradually sloping sand or clay with a sparse dis-
tribution of aquatic vegetation.
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Tit.
IV.
A fishery management survey was conducted in April; locating of sampling sites
can be found in Figure 4. Five gill nets were set for one night at each sta-
tion. The number per net of gizzard shad and river carpsucker was high, as
was the weight per net of river carpsucker and smallmouth buffalo (Table 20).
The total number and weight of white crappie was higher than for other game
fishes.
Red shiners were caught in good numbers at most seining stations (Table 21).
Young of the year gizzard shad were also well represented in the catch. Two
yearling largemouth bass and two adult white crappie were the only game fish
seined.
Water profile analyses showed high turbidity, specific conductivity, and
settleable solids; other readings were similar to those found on other lakes.
Water analyses data is given in Table 22.
Significant Deviation:
There was no significant deviation from outlined segment objectives.
Conclusions, Evaluations, and Recommendations:
A five year management plan was prepared for the U. 5. Corps of Engineers.
Management recommendations were made for the following waters: Lake Proctor
(Comanche County), Lake Waco (McLennan County), Lake Whitney (Hill and Bosque
counties), Lake Stillhouse Hollow (Bell County), Lake Belton (Bell County),
and Lake Hords Creek (Coleman County). Past survey data, physical and descrip-
tive data, and public access information were used to determine management
needs. The following techniques were suggested according to the needs of each
reservoir:
l. Fishing docks - to be provided to improve public access to good fish-
ing grounds.
2. Heated fishing docks - to provide improved access and protection to
the fisherman during the winter months.
3. Fishing information - to provide information such as productive fishing
areas and methods of taking game fish to improve angler success.
h, Fish attractors - to install brush shelters in order to increase food
production for forage and game fishes and to concentrate fishes for
angler harvest.
5. Reservoir stabilization - to maintain the conservation level of the
reservoir and thereby provide predator fish with increased spawning
habitat, increased nursery area for fry, and improved survival of
young of the year fishes.
6. Winter drawdown - to concentrate forage for predator game fishes.
7. Tailwater improvement - to maintain stable water levels in tailwaters
to provide maximum habitat for game species.
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Vi.
ain
8. Nursery ponds - to construct ponds close to the margin of the lake
for use in rearing forage species for stocking in the reservoir.
9. Creel census - to design and conduct creel census in order to eva-
luate applied management practices and to determine future manage-
ment needs.
Table 23 denotes which of the above management practices were recommended on
each U. S. Corps of Engineers reservoir.
Lake Stillhouse Hollow was initially stocked with walleye and smallmouth bass
in 1974. Additional stockings should be made to provide year classes of these
species until natural reproduction occurs. It is therefore recommended that
the lake be stocked with 65,000 (10/acre) smallmouth bass (3-inch) and 129,000
(20/acre) walleye fry in 1975. It is also recommended that 32,000 threadfin
shad be introduced into the lake to provide another forage species for preda-
tor game fish populations.
Lake Waco, stocked with walleye in 1974, should receive a supplemental stock-
ing of 73,000 (10/acre) walleye fry in 1975. This will provide another year
class in the lake and improve the chances of establishing a reproducing popu-
lation. It is also recommended that white bass/striped bass hybrids be stocked
at a rate of 10/acre in June, 1975, if the fish are available. This would pro-
vide another sports fish for the lake and provide more effective utilization of
forage species.
Lake Whitney, which has received two years of stockings of striped bass, should
be stocked again in 1975. Approximately 235,500 (10/acre) 2-inch striped bass
should be stocked to provide another age class in the lake, and to aid in the
establishment of a reproducing population in the Brazos River system.
Lake Brownwood (Brown County), which was impounded in 1933, is a shallow, tur-
bid reservoir with a large rough fish population. Fishing pressure is high
while fishing success has declined during recent years. In order to improve
species diversity, provide more effective utilization of forage, and provide
another species for the sports fisherman, the introduction of 80,000 (10/acre)
of 2-inch Florida bass is recommended in 1975.
Fishery management work will be continued under Project F-30 during the next
segment.
Cost: $ 38,900.00
Prepared by: Kenneth K. Sellers
Assistant Project Leader
Date: November 18, 1974 Robert L. Bounds
Region 2 Inland Fisheries
Director
Approved by:
Dingell-Johnson Coordinator
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Table l.
Scientific Name
Lepisosteus oculatus
Lepisosteus osseus
Dorosoma petenense
Dorosoma cepedianum
Tctiobus bubalus
Carpiodes carpio
Moxostoma congestum
Cyprinus carpio
Notemigonus crysoleucas
Notropis amabilis
Notropis venustus
Notropis lutrensis
Pimephales vigilax
Ictalurus punctatus
Ictalurus melas
Ictalurus natalis
Pylodictis olivaris
Noturus gyrinus
Fundulus notatus
Fundulus olivaceus
Gambusia affinis
‘enidia audens
u~abidesthes sicculus
Morone chrysops
Micropterus dolomieui
Micropterus punctulatus
Micropterus salmoides
Lepomis gulosus
Lepomis cyanellus
Lepomis symmetricus
Lepomis microlophus
Lepomis macrochirus
Lepomis megalotis
Pomoxis annularis
Pomoxis nigromaculatus
Stizostedion vitreum
Percina caprodes
Etheostoma spectabile
Aplodinotus grunniens
Common Name
Spotted gar
Longnose gar
Threadfin shad
Gizzard shad
Smallmouth buffalo
River carpsucker
Gray redhorse
Carp
Golden shiner
Texas shiner
Blacktail shiner
Red shiner
Bullhead minnow
Channel catfish
Black bullhead
Yellow bullhead
Flathead catfish
Tadpole madtom
Blackstripe minnow
Blackspotted topminnow
Mosquitofish
Mississippi silverside
Brook silverside
White bass
Smallmouth bass
Spotted bass
Largemouth bass
Warmouth
Green sunfish
Bantam sunfish
Redear sunfish
Bluegill
Longear sunfish
White crappie
Black crappie
Walleye
Logperch
Orangethroat darter
Freshwater drum
Stillhouse
Hollow
rs Ps PS
> >4 >
mS mx DS
Belton
PI PS PS Pd OS OS Dd OS Dd Pd OG OY OOK OG OS OOK OO
~ ad
sO OS Os
OS PS PS PM OS OS ODS OO ODS
A combined species checklist from four reservoirs sampled in 1974.
Proctor
xX os OS OS
PI mS OS OOS
~
x KX
Waco
~ MOM OK ODS OS XS PS PS OS OOS OOS ~< SK OS ~ x mK XO OOK OD
><
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Table 2. Regulatory hearings attended by F-6 personnel during 1974,
Possum Kingdom Regulatory District
Date
3-25-74
3-25-74
3-25-74
3-25-74
3-25-74
3-25-74
3-26-74
3-26-74
3-26-74
3-26-74
3-26-74
3-26-74
3-27-74
3-27-74
3-27-74
3-27-74
3-27-74
Location
Meridian
Hamilton
Stephenville
Brownwood
Coleman
Baird
Glen Rose
Granbury
Cleburne
Albany
Breckenridge
Palo Pinto
Waco
Hillsboro
Eastland
Comanche
Goldwaite
County
Bosque
Hamilton
Erath
Brown
Coleman
Callahan
Somervell
Hood
Johnson
Shackelford
Stephens
Palo Pinto
McLennan
Hill
Eastland
Comanche
Mills
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Table 3. Types and relative abundance of aquatic vegetation in reservoirs
surveyed in 1974,
Relative abundance*
Lake
Lake Stillhouse Lake Lake
Vegetation type Belton Hollow Waco Proctor
Filamentous algae Sparse Sparse Sparse
Chara sp. Common Sparse
Salix sp. Sparse Common Sparse
Eleocharis sp. Common Sparse
Scirpus sp. Common Common
Typha sp. Sparse
Juncus sp. Sparse Common
Potamogeton sp. Common
Najas sp. Common
Hypercium sp. Common
* Abundance described as sparse, common or abundant.
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Table 4. Lake Belton gill netting results ,1974.
ALT
Average Weight/
Weight Weight Number/ Net*%*
Species Number lbs. lbs. Net* lbs.
Lepisosteus oculatus 4 6.18 1.54 0.17 0.26
Lepisosteus osseus 62 199.89 3 ude 2.58 8.33
Dorosoma cepedianum . 144 40.73 0.35 4.75 1.70
Ictiobus bubalus 19 218.88 11.52 0.79 9.12
Carpiodes carpio 59 176.25 2.98 2.45 7.34
Moxostoma congestum 19 43.24 2.27 0.79 1.80
Cyprinus carpio 10 78.49 7.84 0.42 3.27
Ictalurus punctatus 32 76.51 2.49 1.33 3.19
Pylodictis olivaris 3 13.58 4.52 0.12 0.57
Morone chrysops 53 62.65 1.18 2.21 2.61
Micropterus punctulatus 20 12.24 0.61 0.83 0.51
Micropterus salmoides 12 9.20. 0.76 0.50 0.38
Lepomis cyanellus 2 0.23 0.11 0.08 0.01
Lepomis microlophus 3 0.90 0.30 0.13 0,04
Lepomis macrochirus 50 9.35 0.18 2.08 0.39
Lepomis megalotis 5 0.62 0.12 0.21 0.03
Pomoxis annularis 6 3.90 0.65 0.25 0.16
Stizostedion vitreum 4 3.80 0.70 0.17 | 0.16
Aplodinotus grunniens 9 8.63 0.95 0.38 0.36
Total 486 965.27
* Number of fish caught per 150-foot stanvere experimental gill net
(based on 24 nets set one night each).
*k Weight of fish caught per 150-foot standard experimental gill net
(based on 24 nets set one night each).
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Table 5. A summary of Lake Belton frame net data from March and April surveys ,1974,
ee
Average Weight /
Weight Weight Number/ Net**
Species Number lbs. lbs. Net* (1bs.)
Lepisosteus osseus 2 4.50 2.25 0.22 0.50
Dorosoma cepedianum 1 0.19 0.19 0.11 0.02
Moxostoma congestum . 15 30.38 2.03 1.67 3.38
Morone chrysops 18 18.18 1.03 2.00 2.06
Micropterus salmoides 8 1.98 0.25 0.89 0.22
Lepomis cyanellus 6 1.25 0.21 0.67 0.14
Lepomis microlophus 8 2.41 0.30 0.89 0.27
Lepomis macrochirus 138 21.43 0.16 15.33 2.38
Lepomis megalotis 15 1.85 0.12 1.67 0.21
Pomoxis annularis 13 4.38 0.34 1.44 0.49
Total 224 86.95
* Number of fish captured per frame net (based on nine nets set one night each).
** Weight of fish captured per frame net (based on nine nets set one night each).
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Table 6. A summary of Lake Belton electroshocking data collected in March, 1974.
hr ee OO err eee
Average Weight/
Weight Weight* Number/ hour®*
Species Number lbs. lbs. hour* lbs.
Lepisosteus oculatus 1 0.82 0.82 0.50 0.41
Dorosoma cepedianum 6 21.25 3.54 3.00 10.63
Moxostoma congestum - 18 35.75 1.99 9.00 17.88
Cyprinus carpio 1 13.32 13.32 0.50 6.66
Morone chrysops 8 18.94 2.37 4.00 9.47
Micropterus punctulatus 8 3.44 0.43 4.00 1.72
Micropterus salmoides 4 1.94 0.49 2.00 0.97
Lepomis cyanellus 5 0.88 0.18 2.50 0.44
Lepomis macrochirus 14 1.00 0.07 7.00 0.50
Lepomis megalotis 7 0.63 0.09 3.50 0.32
Total 72 97.97
* Number of fish captured in one hour of actual shocking time.
** Weight of fish captured in one hour of actual shocking time.
--- Page 17 ---
Table 7. A summary of Lake Belton seining results,1974,
Station * Catch/
Species 1 Zz 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total 50 feet
Dorosoma petenense ll 102 113 2.35
Dorosoma cepedianum 1 1 1 1 1 5 0.10
Ictiobus bubalus 1 1 0.02
Cyprinus carpio 1 1 0.02
Notemigonus chrysoleucas 15 12 6 1 17 4 1 56 1.17
Notropis amabilis 1 1 0.02
Notropis venustus 8 44 46 22 12) #19 107 47 305 6.35
Notropis lutrensis 8 13 7 10 4 8 50 1.04
Pimephales vigilax 1 3 l 2 37 44 0.92
Ictalurus punctatus 1 8 3 2 1 16 | 31 0.65
Pylodictis olivaris 2 2 0.04
qturus gyrinus 3 3 0.06
Gambusia affinis 1 2 3 0.06
Menidia audens 44 48 36 204 82 85 102 253 854 17.79
Morone chrysops 1 1 2 0.04
Micropterus punctulatus 5 5 4 3 6 23 0.48
Micropterus salmoides 6 15 4 2 6 1 12 46 0.96
Lepomis cyanellus 3 2 1 6 2 4 18 0.38
Lepomis punctatus 2 4 6 0.13
Lepomis microlophus 4 15 8 2 2 14 45 0.94
Lepomis macrochirus 31 214 55 3 2 39 17 96 457 9.52
Lepomis megalotis 13 2 16 2 7 4 43 3 90 1.88
Percina caprodes 1 1 5 1 1 3 1 13 0.27
Etheostoma spectabile 1 1 2 0.04
sotal** 137. 375 =219 244 227. 185 288 496
*Total= number of each species captured in 2,400 feet of seining.
** Total= number of fish captured in six surveys totaling 300 feet
station.
of seining at eac
--- Page 18 ---
Table 8. The observed standing crop of Lake Belton, by species; September, 1974,
Species No. /acre
Lepisosteus oculatus 2295
Lepisosteus osseus 0.34
Dorosoma petenense 76 25
Dorosoma cepedianum 59.29
Ictiobus bubalus 14.05
Carpiodes carpio 3.23
Moxostoma congestum 3.14
Cyprinus carpio 2.00
Pimephales vigilax 44.09
Ictalurus punctatus 40.79
Ictalurus melas 4.28
Ictalurus natalis 2.24
Pylodictis olivaris 1.26
Noturus gyrinus 31.83
2,840.50
250.69
Totals
Lbs. /acre
3.37
2.38
0.35
16.52
62.91
6.74
5.10
16.43
0.17
10.79
0.10
0.24
0.08
0.12
Species No. /acre
Fundulus notatus 0.67
Morone chrysops 127
Micropterus punctulatus 26.66
Micropterus salmoides 76.41
Lepomis gulosus 125.16
Lepomis cyanellus 594.55
Lepomis microlophus 177.34
Lepomis macrochirus 1,185.67
Lepomis megalotis 289.70
Pomoxis annularis 36.96
Pomoxis nigromaculatus 0.19
Percina caprodes 36.88
Aplodinotus grunniens 3.30
Lbs. /acre
0.01
0.51
0.94
37.49
1.35
5.13
3.58
4,26
4.34
0.09
2.54
--- Page 19 ---
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--- Page 20 ---
yle
JAN
22
FEB
19
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el
APR
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Physicochemical profile data collected f
pH Turb
it
8.0 10
8.2 10
8.1 < 10
7.9 £10
7.8 £10
7.7. £10
8.1 <10
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Symbols:
Specific
idity conductivity
u micromhos 25c?
300
310
330
335
320
340
275
275
265
345
340
340
392
432
456
392
404
403
370
402
402
373
403
402
352
: 354
399
S= Surface of profile
M= Middle of profile
B= Bottom of profile
Total
alkalinity
140
160
150
165
165
155
150
150
145
155
150
140
150
155
135
135
140
150
130
140
145
120
145
145
130
130
160
dissolved Sul-
solids
274
290
252
209
217
225
274
278
342
191
266
252
212
246
232
381
396
398
-225
229
217
170
185
224
fates
17
17
19
15
14
15
12
12
13
Nit- Phos-
rates phates
me/1) (me/1) (m1/1)
0.6650 0.00654
0.8650 0.01630
1.6000 0.02280
0.0890 0.00650
0.2220 0.00650
0.4000 0.00650
. the lower sampling station on Lake Belton inl ..
Total.
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d ae 0)
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--- Page 21 ---
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--- Page 22 ---
Table 12. Physicochemical profile data collected from the mid-lake sampling station on Lake Belton in 1974.
Total Settle
Specific Total dissolved Sul- Nit- Phos- able
Turbidity conductivity alkalinity solids fates rates phates solids Secchi
{tu micromhos 25c°? mg/1 (mg/l) (me/1) (mg/L) (mi/1 Thy
S 20 285 160 258 : £0.1
JAN M 10 280 140 245 : <0.1 333
22 B 10 225 140 ; 239 , <0.1 :
S ~<€10 320 165 238 ‘ £0.1
FEB M. 210 325 165 246 £0.1 2.7
19 B 10 340 165 272 g0.1
Ss ¢<10 280 140 180 20.1
MAR M ~10 280 160 193 g0.1 3.8
21 B 20 285 145 207 <0.1
Ss £10 385 140 277 18 0.6210 0.00978< 0.1
APR M <10 340 ; 150 272 18 0.6650 0.00326¢0.1 _ 3.5
23 B ¢10 330 150 315 18 1.1100 0.00228 ¢0.1
S ¢10 392 130 268 ¢ 0.1
MAY 10 400 155 251 C0.1 2.2
28 iB 210 456 165 292 20.1
S ¢10 374 130 229 ¢ 0.1
JUN. M 210 397 140 219 €0.1 236
19 B <10 390 150 262 €0.1
S £10 : 370 130 353 15 0.0443 0.01300¢ 0.1
JUL M <10 416 140 347 15 0.2220 0.01960¢0.1 3.0
23 B ¢10 422 150 449 13 0.2660 0.01300¢0.1
s 210 360 125 218 {0.1
AUG M <10 ; 398 180 252 0.1 1.8
22 B 10 418 160 263 <0.1
S <10 341 140 194 13 <0.1
SEP ©M <10 333 140 172 12 Z0.1 L.7
29 B <l9O 398 170 216 ll 0.1 ;
* £ orotile
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--- Page 23 ---
Table 13, A summary of seining surveys on Lake Stillhouse Hollow, 1974,
7 Station * Catch/
1 2 #3 4&4 5 60
Species 1 Total 50 feet
——. oO sao tA Tee
Dorosoma cepedianum 3 3 0.13
Notemigonus crysoleucas 1 L 0.04
Notropis venustus 4 2 2 5 4 1 5 23 1.00
Notropis lutrensis 2 2 4 0.17
Pimephales vigilax 1 1 / 9 0.39
Gambusia affinis 1 1 0.04
Menidia audens 22 4 6 2 1 2 121 158 6.86
Micropterus dolomieui 1 1 0.04
Micropterus punctulatus 3 3 4 10 0.43
Micropterus salmoides 2 6 2 4 14 0.60
Lepomis cyanellus I 1 2 0.08
apomis macrochirus 8 2 6 5 6 20 47 2.04
Lepomis megalotis 7 6 13 0.56
Pomoxis annularis 1 1 0.04
Total** 21-32 8 17 13 10 26 160
*Total= number of each species captured in 1150 feet of seining.
**Total= number of fish captured in 3 surveys, totaling 600 feet
of seining at each station (a total of 550 feet were
seined at station 6 which was inaccessable during the
September sampling effort).
--- Page 24 ---
Table 14. A summary of gill netting efforts on Lake Waco in May, 1974.
ee
Average Weight/
Weight Weight Number/ Net**
Species Number lbs. lbs. Net* lbs.
Lepisosteus oculatus 7 31.63 4.52 0.70 3.16
Lepisosteus osseus 3 4.13 1.38 0.30 0.41
Dorosoma cepedianum 119 65.01 0.55 11.90 6.50
Ictiobus bubalus 25 137.20 5.49 2.50 13.72
Carpiodes carpio 58 140.46 2.42 5.80 14.05
Cyprinus carpio 5 26.76 5.35 0.50 2.68
Ictalurus punctatus 18 14.18 0.79 1.80 1.42
Pylodictis olivaris 8 43.19 5.40 0.80 4.32
Morone chrysops 10 6.10 0.61 1.00 0.61
Micropterus punctulatus 1 0.59 0.59 0.10 0.06
Micropterus salmoides 1 0.72 0.72 0.10 0.07
Lepomis macrochirus 3 0.29 0.10 0.30 0.03
Pomoxis annularis 30 15.18 0.51 3.00 1.52
Pomoxis nigromaculatus 1 0.90 0.47 0.10 0.09
Aplodinotus grunniens 59 27.76 0.47 5.90 2.78
Total 348 514.10
* Number of fish caught per 150-foot standard experimental gill net
(based on 10 nets set one night each).
wk Weight of fish caught per 150-foot standard experimental gill net
(based on 10 nets set one night each).
--- Page 25 ---
Table 15. A summary of Lake Waco seining results, 1974,
_ Station , Catch/
Species 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total” 50 feet
o_O
Dorosoma petenense 17 1 28 51 644 79 3 823 39.19
Dorosoma cepedianum 24 4 99 34 8 . 232 1 402 19.14
Ictiobus bubalus 1 1 0.04
Notropis venustus 1 1 6 i2 20 0.95
Notropis lutrensis 6 7 25 10 ll 65 16 150 7.14
Pimephales vigilax 3 7 3 17 3 1 1 35 1.66
Ictalurus punctatus 1 1 0.04
Pylodictis olivaris 1 1 0.04
Fundulus olivaceus L 1 0.04
Gambusia affinis 4 2 6 0.28
Menidia audens 1 ] 0.04
uabidesthes sicculus 1 1 1 3 0.14
Micropterus punctulatus 1 1 0.04
Micropterus salmoides 1 4 1 6 0.28
Lepomis gulosus 1 1 0.04
Lepomis microlophus 1 1 0.04
Lepomis macrochirus 4 1 | Ll 7 0.33
Lepomis megalotis 5 2 2 1 2 12 0.57
Pomoxis annularis 2 1 3 0.14
Percina caprodes 1 1 0.04
Total” 62 34 162 117 674 399 28
*Tota'= number of each species captured in 1050 feet of seining.
**Total= number of fish captured in three surveys tota‘ing 150
feet of seining at each station.
--- Page 26 ---
Table 16. Monthly temperature and oxygen p- ‘les from the mid-lake sampling station on Lake co, 1974.
c° Oy
S 16.0 10.0 22.0 8.9 23.5 7.8 27.5 7.0 30.0 8.0 25,0 7.9
1 16.0 10.0 22.0 8.6 23.5 7.9 28.0 6.8 30.0 8.0 25.0 7.8
2 16.0 10.0 21.0 8.3 23.5 7.9 27.5 6.8 28.5 6.2 25.0 7.8
3 16.0 9.9 21.0 8.2 23.5 7.8 27.0 6.6 28.0 5.6 25.0 7.4
4 16.0 9.2 21.0 8.2 23.5 7.8 27.0 6.7 28.0 4.9 24.0 7.1
5 16.0 9.1 21.0 7.9 23.5 7.7 27.0 6.5 28.0 3.5 24.0 6.8
6 21.0 7.9 23.5 7.6 27.0 6.2 28.0 1.8 25.0 6.0
7 23.5 7.6 27.0 6.0 24.5 5.0
foe)
NO
£-
Oo
.e,)
fo
--- Page 27 ---
Table 17,
MAR
28
APR
30
MAY
14
JUN
eal
SEP
a
PRA WBEn wen Wen
BEM
Physicochemical profile data collected from the mid-lake sampling station
Specific
PH Turbidity conductivity
(jtu micromhos ?5¢c°
7.7 45 320
7.8 45 330
7.5 80 335
7.2 35 265
Jal 30 270
7.0 60 270
6.9 10 326
6.7 10 326
6.7 10 326
6.5 25 356
6.5 25 356
6.5 45 356
10 289
£10 312
<~10 312
6.7 <€10 260
6.8 °<10 260
10 200
Symbols:
S=Surface of profile
M=Middle of profile
B=Bottom of profile
Total
alkalinity
135
150
150
145
140
135
130
130
140
130
135
135
115
Lis
120
120
120
110
Total
dissolved Sul-
solids
231
222
225
315 ..
SL]
309
179
227
204
99
121
131
280
241
161
198
186
155
25
25
25
15
16
18
Nit-
rates
(me /1)
1.9950
2.3000
2.0400
2.3000
1.9450
2.2300
0.9330
1.1100
1.7750
Phos-
phates
(me /1)
0.05220
0.05860
0.06520
0.03580
0.04240
0.05550
0.03580
0.05380
0.19400
Settle-
able
solids
(mb /1
RNR ARR RAR AKKR KAA
AARN
oOo°0 ooo ooo) lo ome)
e e
ooo
ooo
° 7
el on)
.
mR ee
e e
Pee
Pree
ho
me pe
on Lake Waco in 1974,
Secchi
0.4
0.2 *
0.3
0.2
0,9
0.3
--- Page 28 ---
€T
(al
L°L O°T?
0°7~
0°72
FF
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TT
G°72 L°L O°T?
6°9
O° Le
O° Le
G°L7
“EG
8°0 O°8e S°*?
G°€?
G° ES
OT
6
8
O° LT
G°72 2°8 O°T% G°6
G°72 O°S O°T?
G°72 O'S O°T?
9°L
9°L
9°L
O°se Bre
0°8e L°
G°Le2 9°”
vai
9°T
8°T
FRE
DaA-
O° LT
G°LT
G°LT
G°LT
G°Ye 78 O°T%@ T1°6
9°L
G°Le
G°L
0°72 8°T O°8e 8s
G° 72
o°s
G°72 €°S S°TZ L6G
O°St 78 GS°*T? 8°6
O°Sce S°S S°TZ 8°6
9°L
L°L
L°L
zt
82
c
0°8
€°S O°8%@ €°9
7°S O°8@ 7°9
6°S O°8t 6°9
~~NIN
ee e @
ON F
G°LT
G°LT
O°St S°S S*T? 8°6
0°97 78 O°@% 8°6
ie
B°L
6°L
6°L
T’°8 0°62
"62
9°9 0°62 7°8
e°8 O°TE 7°8
6°L O°?@E 78
7°S 0°62
O°SZ
G°S7Z
G°S7é
NN!
oc oOo
en
G°LT
O°LT
0°9% L°8 O°?? 6°6
0°62
c*
LL
0°9c €°6 O°€? O°OT
6¢
B°L
J ue3hxo pue sanjerodms, ATYRUOWM *gl aTqeL
T
2M eye] Uo ucoT}eAS BuTTdMeSsS AsMOT 94 WOAZ seq
“7L61
--- Page 29 ---
Table 19. Physicochemical profile data collected from the lower samp ling station on Lake Waco, 1974,
Total Settle-
Specific Total dissolved Sul- Nit- Phos- able
pH Turbidity conductivity alkalinity solids fates rates phates solids Secchi
tu micromhos 25¢c° mg/l
; )
MAR M
28 B
s| 7.4 25 265 135 336 20. 1.4200 0.03920 ¢ 0.1
APR M|7.4 30 270 - 140 317 25 1.6850 0.04560 20.1 0.4
30 Bi 7.1 110 270 150 315 40 2.2600 0.06520 20.1
s| 7.1 <0 318 140 195 0.9950 0.04240 <0.1
MAY M1 7.1 <10 320 140 191 1.7250 0.03580 ¢0.1 0.4
1h Bt 7.2 10 320 140 198 1.6800 0.07160 0.3
s| 7.2 10 338 120 145 0.01960 <0.1
gUN M] 6.5. 10° 338 125 138 0.02930 <0.1 0.6
21 i= 80 356 130 171 0.11400 0.3 |
S <10 289 115 172 17 0.4000 0.01960 <0.1
ULM <10 464 115 185 16 0.0933 0.02930 ¢0.1 0.8
22 —«&B £10 312 130 180 50 1.7300 0.11400 20.1
> Ss -
AUG M
B
s| 6.6 <10 267 110 195 15 € 0.1
SEPM £10 a20 110 186 8 £0.1 0.5
19 B £10 192 - 110 © 148 9 0.1
* Symbols: S= Surface of profile
M= Middle of profile
B= Bottom of profile
--- Page 30 ---
Table 20. Lake Proctor gill netting results, April, 1974.
ET
Average Weight/
Weight Weight Number/ Net**
Species Number lbs. lbs. Net* lbs.
Dorosoma cepedianum 33 7.60 0.23 6.60 © 1,52
Ictiobus bubalus 18 96.32 5.36 3.60 19.27
Carpiodes carpio 49 77.37 1.58 9.80 15.48
Cyprinus carpio 6 8.45 1.41 1.20 1 #69
Ictalurus punctatus 2 2.57 1.28 0.40 0.52
Ictalurus melas i. 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.04
Pylodictis olivaris 2 6.50 3.25 0.40 1.30
Micropterus salmoides 2 4.26 2 vd:3 0.40 0.86
Lepomis macrochirus 14 1.33 0.10 2.80 0.27
Lepomis megalotis 1 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.02
Pomoxis annularis 28 11.33 0.41 5.60 2.27
Aplodinotus grunniens 15 51.02 3.41 3.00 10.21
Total 171 267.05
* Number of fish caught per 150-foot standard experimental gill net
(based on 5 nets set one night each).
*k Weight of fish caught per 150-foot standard experimental gill net
(based on 5 nets set one night each).
--- Page 31 ---
Table 21, Lake Proctor seining results, 1974,
Station
OD
Catch/
Species 1 2 3 4 5 Total* 30 feet
Dorosoma cepedianum 26 1 26 53 5.3
Notemigonus chrysoleucas 1 4 5 0.5
Notropis lutrensis . 18 7 35 95 209 "364 36.4
Pimephales vigilax 1 5 10 16 1.6
Micropterus salmoides 1 1 2 0.2
Lepomis symmetricus, 2 2 0.2
Lepomis macrochirus 3. - 8 1 7 0.7
Pomoxis annularis . Zz 2 0.2
Percina er 1 #3 2 6 0.6
Total** 48 16 40 109 244 457
*Total= number of each species captured in 500 feet of seining.
**Total= number of fish captured in 100 feet of seining at each station,
Table 22, Lake Proctor water analyses results, 1974,
Specific Total Settleable
Depth T° »p.o pH Turbidity conductivity alkalinity solids
(meters) Cc (mg/1) (jtu) (micromhos 25C°) (mg/1) (ml/1)
surface 16 10.6 7.4 20 732 130 2.0
1 16 10.5
2 16 10.5
3 16 10.6
4 16 10.4 7.3 20 720 130° 1.5
5 16 10.5
6 16 ~ 10.0
7 16 10.0
8 16 10.0 7,2 30 ‘ 528 1400 1.5
--- Page 32 ---
Table 23. Management recommendations proposed for U. S. Corps of Engineers reservoirs in Region 2-C in 1974.
Recommended Management Practice
av fo)
13) fc cs) 4
© (o) fon} ped n
as} ug uid u
v UVé&éz do oN g fo}
ret) 0 ro) Fl Yo O-d v D>
a um G =] n eo > oa Se} (3) u
‘Hd ow MO aA ow os 32 0 cd ov i] on
a vod ao 0 a4 vo a v8 ae nod
n vo oe Nn OW oa 3 FF no aa n W ued
od Oo O ed og oS) Gu ov AM ‘dH 3 O
Reservoir BO | Be | &ot | OO | Hoa | Sno | BU | gaa | Bea
RN
Lake Belton x X x xX 4 xX X
(Bell Co.)
Lake Stillhouse Hollow xX xX xX x xX xX xX Xx
(Bell Co.)
Lake Whitney X X xX X X Xx X X
(Bosque and Hill Cos.)
Lake Waco xX Xx xX X xX xX
(McLennan Co.)
Lake Proctor xX X 4 xX xX xX X
(Comanche Co.)
Lake Hords Creek xX X x x xX xX xX
(Coleman Co.)
--- Page 33 ---
FIGURE 1.
LAKE BELTON
’
“
Cove # 3 - McGregor Park
\e°
3 a LEGEND
Cove # 2 Seining stationsS......seees o
2 Morgan's Point
Water sampling stations.... @
i ea
@ Gove #1 - Live Oak Ridge Park
--- Page 34 ---
FIGURE 2.
STILLHOUSE
16
HOLLOW
LEGEND
Seining stations.... @
--- Page 35 ---
FIGURE 3.
LAKE WACO
LEGEND
Netting stations..........
Seining stations...
Water sampling stations... @
--- Page 36 ---
FIGURE 4.
LAKE PROCTOR
\ a
LEGEND
Netting stations........... 4
Seining stations.....ecceee rs
Water sampling stations.... @