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Anisotremus surinamensis

Black Margate
Collection Details

Specimens

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Taxonomic Hierarchy

Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes) Perciformes (Perciformes, Also Called the Acanthopteri) Haemulidae (Grunts) Anisotremus Anisotremus surinamensis (Black Margate)

Description

This species account was compiled from Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.) and processed using AI-assisted text extraction. It may contain errors in spelling, punctuation, or formatting. When citing, please reference the original source rather than this page. Learn more about our species accounts.

Characters

Lacks scales on dorsal and anal fin membranes; large black mantle on anterior part of body; dorsal profile of head moderately steep and nearly straight; nares close set; jaw teeth villiform to setiform in bands narrowing to a single row posteriorly; preoperculum finely serrated; gill rakers on first arch 11-14 upper, 16-18 lower; head length 39%-42% SL; snout length 11%-12% SL; eye diameter 12%-15% SL; upper jaw length 11%-12% SL; body depth 45%-48% SL; pectoral fin rays 18 (rarely 17); dorsal fin XII, 16-17; anal fin III, 8-9; caudal fin forked; scale rows between first dorsal fin spine and lateral line 6-7; scales encircling caudal peduncle 22; lateral line scales 50-53
Body whitish with broad black band or mantle over middle third, most distinct below lateral line; pectoral fin dusky; other fins black; juveniles light with narrow stripes from nape to dorsal fin end and from eye to caudal fin spot, and a large round caudal fin spot

Distribution

Western Atlantic from Florida to Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas, and Antilles; rare north of southern Florida and southern Texas
Rare in Texas waters, occurs on Flower Garden Banks off East Texas

Habitat Associations

Coral reefs and rocky areas in shallow water
Associated with coral reefs and rocky areas

Biology

Sea urchins, crustaceans, and small ray-finned fishes
Maximum known size 600 mm TL
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. Inhabits larger patch reefs and quickly sloping rocky bottoms. Often near the shelter of caves, ledges, or wrecks (Ref. 9710). Feeds at night on crustaceans, mollusks, smaller fish, and the long-spined urchin, Diadema. Marketed fresh.
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none. Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
IUCN Red List Status: Data Deficient (DD), assessed 2015-10-10. Resilience: Low (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Commercial or Environmental Importance

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish; aquarium: public aquariums.

References

Longley and Hildebrand 1941
Böhlke and Chaplin 1968
Randall 1968a
Randall 1996
Hoese and Moore 1977
Hoese and Moore 1998
Robins and Ray 1986
Boschung 1992
Cervigón 1993b
Schaldach et al. 1997
Smith 1997
Pattengill 1998
Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999
Lindeman and Toxey 2002
Randall, J.E. (1967) Food habits of reef fishes of the West Indies. Stud. Trop. Oceanogr. Miami 5:665-847.
Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen (1966) Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
Courtenay, W.R. and H.F. Sahlman (1978) Pomadasyidae. In W. Fischer (ed.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 31), Volume 4. FAO, Rome.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986) A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
Lieske, E. and R. Myers (1994) Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
Randall, J.E. (1996) Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p.
Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii (eds.) (1983) Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 519 p.
IGFA (2001) Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.

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