Apogon binotatus
Barred Cardinalfish
Collection Details
Specimens
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Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Perciformes (Perciformes, Also Called the Acanthopteri)
Apogonidae (Cardinalfishes)
Apogon
Apogon binotatus (Barred Cardinalfish)
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
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Characters
Jaws, vomer, and palatine have bands of villiform teeth. Preopercular ridge is smooth, and posterior margin of preoperculum is finely serrated and rounded at angle, with fleshy posteroventral process not extending beyond its serrated margin. Gill rakers on first arch number 4 or 5 on upper limb and 12 to 14 on lower limb. Measurements are expressed as percent of SL: head length 38%–41%, snout length 9%–11%, eye diameter 12%–13%, upper jaw length 21%–22%, caudal peduncle length 20%–22%, body depth 32%–37%. Pectoral fin has 12 rays, first dorsal fin has six slender spines, second dorsal fin has one spine and 9 rays, and anal fin has two spines and 8 rays. Caudal fin is emarginate. Scales are ctenoid and deciduous. Median predorsal scales number 6 or 7, and circumpeduncular scales number 15 or 16.
Color is pink to light red and somewhat translucent, with two distinct, narrow dark bars on body, one below posterior end of second dorsal fin and on caudal peduncle.
Distribution
Western Atlantic from south-eastern Florida and the Bahamas to Venezuela, including the eastern Gulf of Mexico and the Greater and Lesser Antilles.
Habitat Associations
Between the shoreline and 60 m, associated with coral reefs in clear water.
Coral reefs
Biology
Maximum known size is 100 mm TL.
Ubiquitous, from gravel pits and rock ledges at the sea's edge to clear-water reefs. Remains hidden in cracks and crevices during the day (Ref. 9626). Sometimes observed between the spines of Diadema antillarum (Ref. 9626).
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; bearers (external brooders). Mouthbrooders (Ref. 240). Distinct pairing during courtship and spawning (Ref. 205).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2011-03-10. Resilience: High (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
References
Longley and Hildebrand 1941
Böhlke and Chaplin 1968
Böhlke and Randall 1968
Randall 1968a
Randall 1996
Robins and Ray 1986
Cervigón 1993b
Smith 1997
Gon 2002a
Thresher, R.E. (1984) Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986) A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
Cervigón, F. (1993) Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p.
Randall, J.E. (1996) Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p.
Smith, C.L. (1997) National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p.
Hixon, M. (1993) Predation, prey refuges, and the structure of coral-reef fish assemblages. Ecol. Monogr. 63(1):77-101.
Comments On Apogon binotatus