Gymnachirus nudus
Flabby Sole
Collection Details
Specimens
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Records
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Pleuronectfiormes (Flatfishes)
Achiridae (American Soles)
Gymnachirus
Gymnachirus nudus (Flabby Sole)
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
and processed using AI-assisted text extraction.
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Characters
Nearly circular in profile; matting of dermal folds and fimbriae on blind side of head and margin of body; fleshy dorsal and anal fins; jaw teeth villiform, arranged in patches, and limited to blind side of jaws; vomer and palatine lack teeth; gill rakers absent; opercular opening greatly restricted; gill membranes largely free of isthmus; head length 22.7%–28.4% SL; caudal fin length 23.6%–34.4% SL; body depth 50%–58.4% SL; small rudimentary pectoral fin on ocular side with 1 to 3 rays; pectoral fin on blind side absent; dorsal fin has 60 to 69 rays; anal fin has 44 to 50 rays; pelvic fins enclosed in common dermal envelope with 5 rays each; accessory lateral lines on ocular side number 7 to 10; third accessory lateral line has 26 to 59 pores
Ocular side pale tan to brown with moderately narrow to narrow brown to black stripes; total stripes number 11 to 21 (usually 15 to 18); caudal fin stripes number 2 to 5; light interstripes 1.5 times as wide as primary stripes; juveniles (less than 55 mm SL) dark with no stripes; blind side pale creamy white to tan
Distribution
Western Atlantic from southern Gulf of Mexico to northern Brazil, including the Greater Antilles
Known from the northwestern coast of Campeche in the Gulf of Mexico
Habitat Associations
Between shoreline and 91 m depth
Biology
Maximum known size is 128 mm SL
Found on soft bottoms. Minimum depth from Ref. 26912.
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2012-08-24. Resilience: High (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
References
Hildebrand 1955
Dawson 1964
Matsuura 1983q
Cervigón 1993a
Munroe 2002e
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez (1992) Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD.
Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura and E. Fujii (eds.) (1983) Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tokyo, Japan. 519 p.
Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes (2000) Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p.
Vianna, M., F.E.S. Costa and C.N. Ferreira (2004) Length-weight relationship of fish caught as by-catch by shrimp fishery in the southeastern Coast of Brazil. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, São Paulo, 30(1):81-85.
Patzner, R.A. (2008) Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p.
Comments On Gymnachirus nudus