Larimus fasciatus
Banded Drum
NS
GNR
Collection Details
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Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Perciformes (Perciformes, Also Called the Acanthopteri)
Sciaenidae (Drums and Croakers)
Larimus
Larimus fasciatus (Banded Drum)
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
and processed using AI-assisted text extraction.
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Characters
Relatively deep bodied, with a large, oblique mouth; head has prominent cavernous canals; posterior naris is oval shaped; snout is moderately blunt, and dorsal profile is slightly elevated; mouth is terminal, but lower jaw projects beyond upper jaw; maxilla extends beyond posterior margin of orbit; snout has five marginal pores, and chin has four minute mental pores; jaw teeth are villiform and arranged in one or two rows; preopercular margin is finely serrated; operculum has 2 rather strong spines on upper portion; gill rakers on first arch are long and slender and number 11 to 13 on upper limb and 22 to 25 on lower limb; measurements are expressed as percent of SL: head length 30%–32%, snout length 6%–7%, eye diameter 7%–8%, upper jaw length 15%–16%, pectoral fin length 23%–27%, body depth 32%–34%; pectoral fin has 16 rays; dorsal fin is deeply notched and has 10 spines in anterior section and 1 spine and 24 to 27 rays in posterior section; anal fin has 2 spines, with second spine long and stout, and 6 or 7 rays; body and most of head are covered with ctenoid scales; basal half of rayed section of dorsal fin and anal fin is scaled; gas bladder is simple and carrot shaped and lacks anterior appendages.
Color is grayish olive dorsally and silvery ventrally, with vertical bars extending to or below lateral line; distal parts of pelvic and caudal fins are yellow.
Distribution
Western Atlantic from Massachusetts to Veracruz in the Gulf of Mexico, but it is rare to absent around southern Florida.
Habitat Associations
Associated with mud and sandy mud bottoms from near shore to 100 m; rarely occurs in estuaries.
Mud and sandy mud bottoms
Biology
Food consists of small shrimps.
Maximum known size is 250 mm TL.
In the northern Gulf of Mexico maturity is reached between 80 and 139 mm TL near the end of the first year; spawning occurs between September and November and, to a lesser degree, between April and June.
Occurs usually over mud and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters to about 60 m depth, more rarely in estuaries. Feeds mainly on small shrimps.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2019-10-09. Resilience: High (K=0.98).
Commercial or Environmental Importance
Fisheries: of no interest.
References
Hoese and Moore 1977
Hoese and Moore 1998
Chao 1978
Chao 2002
Johnson 1978
Standard and Chittenden 1983
Robins and Ray 1986
Boschung 1992
Schaldach et al. 1997
Smith 1997
Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999
Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen (1966) Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986) A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
Ross, S.W. (1989) Diet of the banded drum in North Carolina. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 118(6):680-686.
Chao, N.L. (2003) Scianidae. Croakers. p. 1583-1653. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 3: Bony fishes part 2 (Opistognathidae to Molidae), sea turtles and marine mammals.
Kells, V. and K. Carpenter (2011) A field guide to coastal fishes from Maine to Texas. The Johnson Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
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