Pareques iwamotoi
Blackbar Drum
Collection Details
Specimens
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Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Perciformes (Perciformes, Also Called the Acanthopteri)
Sciaenidae (Drums and Croakers)
Pareques
Pareques iwamotoi (Blackbar Drum)
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
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Characters
Oblong and moderately compressed body, back elevated and tapering posteriorly to caudal peduncle. Dorsal profile of head nearly straight, snout moderately blunt and rounded. Mouth small, inferior, and nearly horizontal. Posterior naris oval and slightly larger than anterior naris. Jaw teeth villiform, arranged in broad bands, except outer row of upper jaw enlarged and recurved. Snout with three large marginal pores and three small rostral pores. Chin with one medial pore and two pairs of lateral mental pores. Preopercular margin membranous. First gill arch with 4 to 7 gill rakers on upper limb, 1 in corner, and 9 to 12 on lower limb. Measurements (% SL): head length 31%–33%, snout length 8%–10%, eye diameter 8%–10%, upper jaw length 10%–12%, length of longest dorsal fin spine 16%–21%, body depth 36%–41%. Pectoral fin with 15 to 18 rays. Dorsal fin with 8 to 10 spines in anterior section and 1 spine and 33 to 40 rays in posterior section. Anal fin with 2 spines and 7 or 8 rays. Caudal fin convex. Body and head covered with ctenoid scales. Vertebrae number 25: 10 precaudal and 15 caudal. Gas bladder simple, carrot-shaped, without distinct anterior horns or diverticula.
Light to dark brown with a broad, oblique, and very dark band extending from base of spiny section of dorsal fin to abdomen, and a narrow dark stripe extending from band to end of caudal fin. Band and stripe most distinct on specimens 95-110 mm SL, less distinct on specimens 170-213 mm SL, and obscure on specimens 247-298 mm SL. Fins dusky to black.
Distribution
Western Atlantic from North Carolina to Brazil, including the entire Gulf of Mexico
Habitat Associations
Reefs and hard bottoms, 37-184 m
Associated with reefs and hard bottoms
Biology
Gastropods
330 mm SL
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none. Oviparous (Ref. 240).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2020-01-24. Resilience: High (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
References
Hoese and Moore 1977
Chao 1978
Robins and Ray 1986
Miller and Woods 1988
Boschung 1992
Schaldach et al. 1997
Hoese and Moore 1998
Chao 2002
Thresher, R.E. (1984) Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p.
Miller, G.C. and L.P. Woods (1988) A new species of sciaenid fish, Pareques iwamotoi, from the western Atlantic, with color descriptions of prejuvenile and juvenile Pareques acuminatus and Pareques umbrosus. Bull. Mar. Sci. 43(1):88-92.
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott (1991) Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p.
Anonymous (1993) Computerized catalog of the fish collection. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California.
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