Sargocentron rubrum
No common name
Collection Details
Specimens
Photos
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Records
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Beryciformes
Holocentridae (Squirrelfishes)
Sargocentron
Sargocentron rubrum
Description
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Characters
Body shape: fusiform / normal. Body with subequal stripes of brownish red and silvery white; spinous dorsal dark red with a large, quadrangular, whitish blotch in middle of each membrane (except the first) forming a median band; dorsal membrane tips white, except posteriorly (Ref. 4201). Five oblique scale rows on cheek; body depth 2.5-2.8 in SL; head length (HL) 2.65-2.85 in SL; short and blunt snout, its length 4.25-4.7 in HL; interorbital width 4.5 in HL; mouth terminal to slightly inferior, maxilla usually extending nearly to or a short distance beyond a vertical through center of eye, upper jaw length 2.5-2.75 in HL; premaxillary groove often ending above anterior edge of orbit; anterior end of nasal bone with a blunt spine; surface or medial edge of nasal bone spineless; nasal fossa usually without spinules on its edge; upper edge of 1st suborbital bone with a slightly retrorse lateral spine a short distance posterior to a vertical at front edge of eye, followed by a ridge of recumbent spinules; preopercular spine usually about 2/3 orbit diameter, 3.2-5.3 in HL; 3rd-5th dorsal spines subequal, longest in adults 1.9-2.3 in HL; 3rd anal spine 1.35-1.6 in HL (Ref. 27370). Striking features: none.
Distribution
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to the western Pacific where it ranges from southern Japan to New Caledonia, Vanuatu and New South Wales, Australia. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Not yet recorded from any oceanic island in the western Indian Ocean. Invaded eastern Mediterranean via the Suez Canal.
Habitat Associations
Marine. reef-associated. depth range 1-84 m. Found in: estuaries, mangroves, coral reefs, seagrass beds.
Biology
Found in coastal reefs (Ref. 9710); silty reefs or wrecks in lagoons, bays, or harbors (Ref. 27370), may occur in aggregations; also found hidden in caves and cracks of rocks during the day (Ref. 12382, 48635), usually in areas subject to strong currents (Ref. 48635). Intertidal observations were also reported (Ref. 49162). Feed mainly on benthic crabs and shrimps (Ref. 2334), also preys on small fishes (Ref. 12382). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6746). Spine of preopercle venomous (Ref. 2334). Solitary or in groups (Ref 90102).
Max length: 32.0 cm TL; common length: 27.0 cm TL.
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2015-03-04. Resilience: High (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Commercial or Environmental Importance
Fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: public aquariums.
References
Thresher, R.E. (1984) Reproduction in reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Neptune City, New Jersey. 399 p.
Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra (1986) Holocentridae. p. 415-427. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga (1990) Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p.
Thollot, P. (1996) Les poissons de mangrove du lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie. ORSTOM Éditions, Paris.
Randall, J.E. (1998) Revision of the Indo-Pacific squirrelfishes (Beryciformes: Holocentridae: Holocentrinae) of the genus Sargocentron, with descriptions of four new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (27):105 p.
Golani, D., A. Ben-Tuvia and B. Galil (1983) Feeding habits of the Suez Canal migrant squirrelfish, Sargocentron rumbrum, in the Mediterranean Sea. Isr. J. Zool. 32, 194-204.
Comments On Sargocentron rubrum