Stomias longibarbatus
No common name
Collection Details
Specimens
Photos
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Records
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Stomiiformes
Stomiidae (Dragonfishes)
Stomias
Stomias longibarbatus
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
and processed using AI-assisted text extraction.
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Characters
Very elongate and very slender, with a very long barbel and six rows of hexagonal pigment areas above large lateral photophores. Snout is short, and lower jaw extends slightly beyond upper jaw. Body depth is 3% to 5% and head length is 5.3% to 7% of SL. Premaxilla has one small tooth, followed by one large fang and four small teeth. Maxilla has many small teeth. Lower jaw has small tooth near symphysis, followed by two progressively larger teeth and two or three small teeth. Vomer has one tooth on each side, and palatine has two teeth. Chin barbel is 6 to 11 times longer than head and terminates as spindle-shaped bulb bearing many complex filaments. Pectoral fin has 6 or 7 rays, dorsal fin has 13 or 14 rays, pelvic fin has 4 or 5 rays, and anal fin has 15 to 18 rays. IP number 11 or 12, PV number 80 to 86, and VAV number 58 to 67. OV number 79 to 85, VAL number 56 to 68, and AC number 19 to 22. Po organ is ovoid and surrounded by bluish rim. Single small photophore is associated with each branchiostegal ray, and small photophores are associated with six horizontal rows of hexagonal pigment areas.
Color is bluish black with metallic sheen in life, and black dorsally, light silvery laterally, and black on belly in preservative.
Distribution
In the western Atlantic it occurs off Bermuda and in the Gulf of Mexico.
Habitat Associations
Lower mesopelagic and upper bathypelagic zones
Biology
Maximum known size is 400 mm SL.
Inhabits deep oceanic waters to more than 1,000 m depth (Ref. 4783). Meso- and bathypelagic (Ref. 58302).
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none. Oviparous (Ref. 4783).
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2013-05-22. Resilience: Medium (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Phylogeny and Morphologically Similar Fishes
Distinguished from other species of the family by the combination of characters described.
References
Morrow 1964a
Gibbs 1969
Gibbs 1984c
Gibbs, R.H. Jr. (1986) Stomiidae. p. 229-230. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Gibbs, R.H. Jr. (1990) Stomiidae. p. 296-299. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNECO, Paris. Vol. 1.
Gibbs, R.H. Jr. (1984) Stomiidae. p. 338-340. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1.
Bigelow, H.B., D.M. Cohen, M.M. Dick, R.H. Gibbs Jr., M. Grey, J.E. Morrow Jr., L.P. Schultz and V. Walters (1964) Fishes of the western North Atlantic. Part four. New Haven, Sears Found. Mar. Res., Yale Univ.
Mundy, B.C. (2005) Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
Patzner, R.A. (2008) Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p.
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