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Trigonostigma heteromorpha

No common name
Collection Details

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Taxonomic Hierarchy

Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes) Cypriniformes (Carps and Minnows) Cyprinidae (Carps and Minnows) Trigonostigma Trigonostigma heteromorpha

Description

This species account was compiled from FishBase (Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2025. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version 04/2025.) and processed using AI-assisted text extraction. It may contain errors in spelling, punctuation, or formatting. When citing, please reference the original source rather than this page. Learn more about our species accounts.

Characters

Body shape: short and / or deep. This species is shares with T. truncata, presence of a large black axine starting from approximately mid-body with dorsal apex near dorsal-fin origin, ventral apex near pelvic-fin origin, and caudal apex near caudal-fin base. It differs from all its congeners in the following set of characters: a steep sloping lateral head to pre-dorsal region (shared with T. espei, vs. a gentle sloping lateral profile from posterior of head to predorsal region for T. truncata, T. hengeli, T. somphongsi); terminal mouth (shared with all except truncata with a sub-superior mouth); caudal apex of axine reaching caudal-fin base (shared with all except truncata with caudal apex not reaching); dorsal and ventral apices of axine originate near to both dorsal-fin and pelvic-fin origins (shared with truncata vs. dorsal apex starting up to 3 scale-width posterior to dorsal-fin origin and ventral apex starting two scale-width after pelvic-fin origin in espei, hengeli, while axine is reduced to thick black stripe in somphongsi); dorsal fin with distinct orange/red pigments shared with truncata, espei (vs. hengeli, somphongsi with almost hyaline dorsal fin) (Ref. 122370).

Distribution

Asia: Malay Peninsula: Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia.

Habitat Associations

Freshwater. benthopelagic. Found in: streams.

Biology

Inhabits forest streams (Ref. 13061). Found in primary peat swamps in larger than 100 fish (Ref. 57235). Feeds on worms, crustaceans and insects (Ref. 7020). Eggs spawned at the underside of broad leaves and similar structures (Ref. 38434). Aquarium keeping: in groups of 5 or more individuals; minimum aquarium size 60 cm (Ref. 51539). Previously known as "Rasbora" but revised as separated genus by Kottelat & Witte (1999) (Ref. 57235).
Max length: 5.0 cm TL.
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2019-01-26. Resilience: High (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Commercial or Environmental Importance

Fisheries: highly commercial; aquarium: highly commercial.

References

Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch (1991) Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p.
Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo (1993) Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p.
Lim, K.K.P. and P.K.L. Ng (1990) The freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore. 160 p.
Tan, H.H. (2020) Trigonostigma truncata, a new species of harlequin rasbora from Malay Peninsula (Teleostei: Danionidae). Raff. Bull. Zool. 68:421-433. DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0058

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