Umbrina coroides
Sand Drum
Collection Details
Specimens
Photos
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Records
Taxonomic Hierarchy
Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fishes)
Perciformes (Perciformes, Also Called the Acanthopteri)
Sciaenidae (Drums and Croakers)
Umbrina
Umbrina coroides (Sand Drum)
Description
This species account was compiled from
Composite (multiple sources) (McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm. Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. University of Texas Press, Austin.)
and processed using AI-assisted text extraction.
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Characters
Slightly elongate body shape, nearly straight ventral profile, short blunt chin barbel, moderately elevated dorsal profile of head, oval shaped posterior naris larger than anterior naris, moderately small subterminal mouth, maxilla extending beyond center of pupil, 5 marginal and 3 rostral pores on snout, 5 mental pores on chin, villiform jaw teeth in broad bands, finely serrated preopercular margin, 13-15 short gill rakers on first arch, measurements (% SL): head length 26-30%, snout length 8-10%, eye diameter 6-8%, interorbital width 6-8%, upper jaw length 9-11%, longest dorsal fin spine 14-20%, pectoral fin length 17-19%, body depth 26-31%, pectoral fin with 16-19 rays, dorsal fin deeply notched with 9 or 10 spines and 1 spine and 26-31 rays, anal fin with 2 spines and 6 rays, caudal fin truncate or emarginate, body and head mostly covered with ctenoid scales, gas bladder with single carrot-shaped chamber
Silvery gray dorsally and pale yellowish ventrally, with 9 or 10 narrow dark bars and several narrow wavy stripes
Distribution
Western Atlantic from Virginia and the Bahamas to Brazil, including the western Gulf of Mexico and the Greater and Lesser Antilles
Texas to Laguna de Términos in the Gulf of Mexico
Habitat Associations
Coastal areas, estuaries, sandy beaches, muddy bottoms, occasionally coral reefs
Biology
Benthic organisms
350 mm TL
Inhabits the surf zone along sandy beaches, but in clear water. Also occurs over muddy bottoms in estuaries and sometimes near coral reef areas. Feeds on small crustaceans washed out of sand by the surf (Ref. 5521). Large specimens are marketed mostly fresh; smaller ones are used as bait.
Reproductive mode: dioecism; fertilization: external; nonguarders (open water/substratum egg scatterers); parental care: none.
IUCN Red List Status: Least Concern (LC), assessed 2020-01-28. Resilience: Medium (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Commercial or Environmental Importance
Fisheries: minor commercial.
References
Hoese and Moore 1977
Hoese and Moore 1998
Chao 1978
Chao 2002
Robins and Ray 1986
Schaldach et al. 1997
Smith 1997
Castro-Aguirre et al. 1999
Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen (1966) Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray (1986) A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.
Cervigón, F. (1993) Los peces marinos de Venezuela. Volume 2. Fundación Científica Los Roques, Caracas,Venezuela. 497 p.
Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar (2004) Atlas pesquero del area norte del Mar Caribe de Colombia. Universidad del Magadalena, Santa Marta. 230 p.
Comments On Umbrina coroides